基於知識本體的中醫虛證辨證系統

Ontology-Based Deficiency Syndrome Differentation in Traditional Chinese Medicine

陳信賢(XIN-XIAN CHEN)

指導教授 ： 林迺衛

國立中正大學/工學院/資訊工程學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

中醫透過長時間的演變，發展出「辨證論治」的特殊診治方式。透過望、聞、問、切四診的方法蒐集病人的症狀資訊，及依據症狀資訊進行分析及判斷疾病，即為「辨證」；再由辨證出的疾病資訊，確立治療方式，即為「論治」。
對於龐大及複雜的中醫辨證體系，中醫師在臨床診治時，通常不易具備完整的記憶，及進行全面的分析。本論文希望利用計算機龐大的記憶能力及迅速的分析能力，研製一套具備完整記憶及可進行全面分析的中醫辨證輔助系統，輔助中醫師的臨床診斷、辨證研究、及辨證教學。
本論文利用知識本體及模糊分類技術，實作一個以虛證證候為範疇的中醫辨證系統。本論文進行虛證證候定義的標準化，及虛證證候特徵症狀的標準化，並利用知識本體開發工具建構中醫症狀知識本體及中醫證候知識本體。本論文根據證候特徵症狀，利用模糊分類技術，分別定義各證候的歸屬函數。本論文也根據各證候的歸屬函數，針對43筆案例進行初步的系統評估。在大約1/7的案例中，系統所辨識的證候和案例所提供的證候不一致。但是根據中醫師的意見，大多數這些案例所提供的證候是有疑問的。這個評估結果也具體顯示中醫辨證體系的複雜性，及研製一個中醫辨證系統的重要性。

關鍵字

中醫基礎理論 ； 臟腑辨證

並列摘要

Through the evolution of a long period of time, a special way of diagnosis and therapy in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), called syndrome differentiation and treatment, has been developed. In syndrome differentiation, the physicians first collect the symptoms and signs of patients through four examinations: inspection, listening and smelling, inquiry, and palpation. The physicians then analyze the cause, location, and mechanism of the disease, called syndrome, of patients according to the collected symptoms and signs. In syndrome treatment, the physicians finally prescribe the proper treatment and herbal medicinals based on the results of syndrome differentiation.
For the huge and complex syndrome differentiation system in TCM, the physicians usually have the difficulty of memorizing the whole system and perfoming an exhaustive analysis during the clinical diagnosis. This thesis aims to utilize the massive memory capacity and speedy analytical capability of computers to develop a TCM syndrome differentiation system to aid the clinical diagnosis, the research, and the teaching of the syndrome differentiation system.
This thesis applies the ontology technique and the fuzzy classification technique to develop a TCM syndrome differentiation system for deficiency syndromes. This thesis studies the standardization of the definition and the symptoms of deficiency syndromes. This thesis also uses an ontology development tool to construct a syndrome ontology for standardized deficiency syndromes. This thesis applies the fuzzy classification technique to define the membership function for each deficiency syndrome according to the standardized symptoms for for each deficiency syndrome. This thesis also performs a preliminary evaluation of this syndrome differentiation system based on 43 cases collected from journals and research reports. In around 1/7 cases, the syndromes recognized by the system are not consistent with the syndromes proposed by the case. However, according to the opinions of physicians, the syndromes proposed in most of these cases are questionable. These evaluation results demonstrate the complexity of the syndrome differentiation in TCM and the importance of developing a TCM syndrome differentiation system.

並列關鍵字

Ontology

參考文獻

[5] 王銘酌、陳乃菁（2002）。潰瘍性結腸炎的中醫治療病例報告。中國中醫臨床醫學雜誌， 8（2），頁 54-60。

[10] 沈炫樞、柯建新（2014）。重症肌無力病例報告。中醫藥研究論叢， 17（1），頁 77-88。

[14] 林展弘（2008）。失眠之中醫診治。北市中醫會刊， 14（4），頁 11-20。

[18] 張尹人、劉郁辰、謝翠玉、施如珊、楊中賢（2015）。陰虛水腫病例之中醫會診辨治心得。中醫藥雜誌， 26（2），頁 f1-7。

[19] 許中華、劉冠明（2015）。風溼性心臟病的中醫調理。北市中醫會刊， 21（3），頁 29-35。