第五代行動通訊系統之注入鎖定振盪器及本地相移波束形成發射陣列設計

Design of Injection-Locked Oscillators and LO Phase-Shifting Beamforming Transmitting Array for 5G Mobile Communications System

羅文劭(WEN-SHAO LO)

指導教授 ： 張盛富

國立中正大學/工學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本論文設計S頻段第五代行動通訊之兩項關鍵電路及相位自動量測平台。第一組電路是1 16本地訊號產生陣列，是以16個電壓控制振盪器組成。第二組電路是基於本地訊號調控相位機制之1 16波束形成發射陣列。
第一、1 16本地訊號產生陣列採用注入鎖定機制，將一穩定訊號注入於16個並列之振盪器中，在鎖定的情況下，16個振盪器的頻率和相位皆鎖定於注入訊號的頻率和相位。進一步，調控每一振盪器的電控制壓，達到相位調控的功能。振盪器採取濾波器諧振架構，將振盪頻率設計在複數品質因子之峰值上，達到低相位雜訊、高輸出功率，及低功耗的特性。為了快速精準地量測16個振盪器的相位，本論文以LabVIEW完成相位自動化量測平台，針對射頻訊號之相位量測誤差來源進行探討。量測結果為頻率調控範圍是2.883.19 GHz，相當於10%頻率調控範圍。在3.14 GHz時，鎖相範圍是241 ，輸出功率是5.6 dBm，功率變動為0.2 dB，相位雜訊離載波1 MHz處是-136.4 dBc/Hz。
第二、將1 16本地訊號產生陣列饋入於1 16陣列天線，整合成1 16波束形成發射陣列，達成第五代行動通訊所需的波束形塑功能。1 16陣列天線採用領結天線結構，並且設計多指節金屬柵以增加天線間之隔離度，和導引金屬指以增加輻射場型前後波瓣比。場型量測結果:主波束掃描範圍為106 ，天線增益是14.2 dB，主波束指向平均誤差為0.7 ，主波束峰值平均誤差為0.5 dB，以及旁波瓣比平均誤差為4.7 dB。

關鍵字

巨量主動天線系統 ； 注入鎖定振盪器 ； 本地端相移網路架構 ； 波束形成 ； 相位雜訊 ； 自動化量測

並列摘要

In this thesis, an S-band 1×16 injection-locked oscillator array and a 1 16 beamforming transmit array based on the LO phase-shifting configuration were designed for the emerging 5G mobile communications.
First, the S-band 1×16 oscillator array consists of 16 parallel voltage-controlled oscillators, where the frequency and phase of each oscillator was locked into the frequency and phase of the injecting phased-locked signal. The voltage-controlled oscillator was designed by using high-Q filter as the resonance tank. The resonance frequency was designed at the peak complex-Q factor of the filter. A fast and accurate phase measurement platform was developed, which includes a LabVIEW code, data acquisition card, and oscilloscope. The measurement phase errors, attributed from the oscilloscope and the analog-to-digital converter of the data acquisition card, were examined. On the developed 1×16 oscillator array, the measured resonance frequency tuning range is 2.88-3.19 GHz, equivalent to 10% tuning range. At 3.14 GHz, the measured output power is 5.4 dBm, the measured phase noise is -136.4 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz off carrier, and the phase locking range is 241 .
Second, the bow-tie antenna was designed for the 1×16 antenna array, where the multi-finger stub was incorporated for isolation enhancement and the directive finger stub was added for front-to-back ratio improvement. The 1×16 injection-locked oscillators and 1×16 antennas were integrated into a beamforming transmit array. The maximal antenna gain is 14.2 dB, beam steering range is 106 , average direction error is 0.7 , and side-lobe-level error is 4.7 dB.

並列關鍵字

Massive MIMO Antenna System ； Injection-Locked Oscillator ； LO Phase-Shifting ； Beamforming ； Phase Noise ； Automatic Measurement

參考文獻

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