客籍身心障礙者家庭教養與互動歷程之研究：以美濃地區為例

A study on parenting and interaction progress of Hakka families with children with disabilities in Meinong district

劉又綺(YU-CHI LIU)

指導教授 ： 林淑鈴

國立高雄師範大學/文學院/客家文化研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6817/NKNU.2013.00033

摘要

本研究以六個美濃地區客籍身心障礙者家庭成員為研究對象，採用質性研究之深度訪談法進行實徵性研究，發現結果如下壹、客家文化在身心障礙者家庭的傳承與體現
客家文化中「重男輕女」、「傳宗接代」持續在美濃地區傳承，對待家中身心障礙者的做法與態度也有「重男輕女」的現象，客家重視教育的觀念落實在因身心障礙者需求而積極尋求醫療、復健與教育的過程，美濃客籍家庭群居現象下產生仰賴親族鄰里資源與社會支持的現象。
貳、客籍家庭對身心障礙者的處遇態度
祖父母對身心障礙者的誕生初期，普遍仍抱持業障及因果輪迴的觀念，父母教養過程承受來自祖父母的壓力，母親對產下身心障礙者初期有自責與虧欠，在教養初期有深切的擔心。祖父母與父母皆經歷負向事件的調適歷程，但在階段轉換及時間有長短不一的現象，且祖父與父親對家有身心障礙者的適應歷程較短。
?、客籍家庭對身心障礙者教養與調適歷程的演變
家庭分工方面，母親為主要照顧者的角色，父親為情感性陪伴或工具性的角色，父母在教養身心障礙者時面臨多重壓力，家庭在考量相關資源與共識下，採取不盡相同的因應作法產生程度不一的調適結果，身心障礙者家庭在尋找復健醫療資源、兼顧教養障礙孩子與正常手足等議題發現有家庭資源重分配現象；客籍家庭因群居現象產生外在支持。父母因孩子障礙需求衍生的互動與協調結果可分為協調合作型與崩解離散型。
肆、客籍家庭成員與身心障者的互動歷程與未來期待
祖父母輩對男孫偏正向態度且無明顯調適歷程；對孫女初期態度較負向，並經歷負向態度期、轉變契機期及正向態度期等轉變。正常手足與身心障礙者的互動分為正向與負向特質的互動，隨後因部分事件產生接納與包容。客籍家庭對身心障礙者的生活安排等議題，有些家庭對孫子女未來尚無規劃，僅期待雙老現象產生的陪伴，亦有家庭對國中後繼續升學、孫女婚配、男孫繼承家產與身心障礙者的未來照護等議題有初步想法與規劃。
伍、客籍家庭成員對未來照顧身心障礙者的期待
祖父母與父母透過從小的身教與言教正向示範並賦予對正常手足在平日照顧身心障者的責任與機會，部分正常手足對此議題發展出自我期許。

關鍵字

調適歷程 ； 互動歷程 ； 教養歷程 ； 身心障礙 ； 客籍家庭

並列摘要

I.Research Puposes
Explore interaction, parenting and expectation progress of six Hakka families with disabled child.
II.Research method: In-depth interviews of qualitative approach
III.Participants: Parents, grandparents and siblings of six Hakka families with disabled child.
IV.Research findings
Hakka traditional culture was still reflected patriarchal and procreation concept for family with disabled child in Meinong. Hakka traditional culture emphasized on education have found on seeking related resources for disabled child. Neighborhood and related people generated social support phenomenon under the cluster effect of Hakka family.Parenting process under pressure from grandparents. Mother birth a disabled child has remorse and owe, who have a profound fear in the early education. Part of grandparents and parents experienced adjustment on varying lengths of time. Mother was a primary caregiver and father was an affective accompany or instrumental role. Family considered resources and consensus adopted different coping practices produce varying degrees of adjustment. Family seeking medical rehabilitation for disabled child was take into account tighten parenting normal siblings on reallocation of family resource. Parents coordination can be type of coordination or disintegration. Grandparents to grandchildren was no significant adjustment of attitude, but granddaughter faced many negative attitudes in childhood. Changing continued occur from negative to positive attitude. Interaction between normal siblings and disabled person was both of positive and negative. Some events have started a chance to generate acceptance. Parents was parenting a disabled child focus on school learning, enter a higher school, employment, and future placement. Some families was no clear future planning, only expected to accompany with older grandparents. Some families considered female has marriage. Male was considered inherit by family estate and future care arrangement for disabled child have initial planning. Hakka family elders through childhood teaching and demonstrations on daily living how to take care for disabled person and make a consensus from normal siblings.
V. Research limitations
Although researchers have tried to study the control program issues, but still unable to overcome limitations include time, regional restrictions, number of samples, recording restrictions and social economy status restrictions.

並列關鍵字

interactive progress ； parenting progress ； children with disabilities ； adjustment progress ； Hakka family

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