臺灣高中階段海洋地理教育之發展與實踐

The Development and Practices of Marine Geography Education in High School Level in Taiwan

彭佳偉(Jia-Wei Peng)

指導教授 ： 李明燕

國立彰化師範大學/文學院/地理學系/博士(2018年)

摘要

本研究以內容分析、測驗調查量化與個案研究等多元方法，探究臺灣高中地理科課程規劃裡具備的海洋意識，分析在教科書與教學活動上展現的海洋概念，並透過與中國大陸、澳洲昆士蘭的比較，歸納出適於臺灣高中階段的海洋地理教育模式。研究發現，中國大陸在海洋地理教科書的內容中，表達方式、教育層面與內容性質三項表現較佳，臺灣則在海岸地形、洋流等有關「人地傳統」的地理課程內容中，展現高於中國大陸的內容評比效果。再者，澳洲昆士蘭州高中學生於課後的各問項測驗分數皆高於臺灣學生，以「海岸地形課程實用性」類別的差距最大。而昆士蘭的高中海洋課程強調親海與愛海，教學活動具備實作與體驗精神；臺灣學生普遍認為當地的課程能有效展現「合作與競爭」、「環境與永續」、「文化多樣性」以及「全球化」、「空間關連」等國際教育主題軸的內涵，海洋地理教育與國際教育在此出現了較強的連結性。因此，未來國內規劃高中海洋地理課程時，可參考中國大陸海洋地理教科書的編撰原則，並效法澳洲昆士蘭州海洋課程的教學活動設計理念，加入生活化與實用性的元素實施海洋地理教育，以提升高中階段學生的海洋學習成效。

關鍵字

高中階段 ； 海洋地理教育 ； 教科書 ； 課程規劃 ； 教學活動

並列摘要

The study aims to explore the awareness of marine education in high school geography curriculum and to analyse the marine conception presented in textbooks and teaching activities by multiple research methods, including content analysis, quiz quantification and case study. In the meantime, try to summarize the suitable marine geography education model for high school level by the comparison with China, Queensland and Taiwan. The analysis shows the textbook named “Marine Geography” in China has an advantage in the categories of expression, educational aspects and content characters, while the textbook in Taiwan acquires better scores in some concepts like coastal landforms and the phenomenon of El Nino, which reveals “human-land tradition” in geography. Secondly, the students in Queensland do better in all items on quizzes after Marine Studies course than those who from Taiwan, especially within the category of “the practicability of the courses”. Thirdly, the research finds out the curriculum of Marine Studies in Queensland emphasizes that students walking close to ocean and seaside to experience marine activities. After students participated in the program, they generally sensed the content of international education axes including "global competition/cooperation", "environment and sustainability", "cultural diversity", and "globalization", "space-related". It shows that marine geography education and international education show stronger links here. As a result, when planning future high school marine geography courses in Taiwan, references can be made to the compilation principles of the Marine Geography textbook in China, and follow the design concepts of Marine Studies in Queensland, integrating the elements of livelihood and practicality into teaching activities, to improve the effectiveness of marine geography education learning.

並列關鍵字

high school level ； marine geography education ； texbooks ； curriculum planning ； teaching activities

參考文獻

周珮儀（2005）。我國教科書研究的分析：1979-2004。課程與教學季刊，8(4)，91-116。

周珮儀、鄭明長（2008）。教科書研究方法論之探究。課程與教學季刊，11(1)，193-222。

楊家瑜（2010）。國小校長說故事領導能力指標權重體系之初步研究：應用AHP和ANP。學校行政，65，88-107。

一、中文部分

方稚芳（1995）。我國中小學教科書審查制度之研究。教育研究資訊，3(3)，99-112。