雷射切割6061鋁合金薄板之製程參數最佳化分析

An Analysis on the Optimum Parameters in Laser Cutting 6061 Aluminum Alloy Thin Plates

徐上祐(Shang-Yu Shu)

指導教授 ： 簡文通

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/機械工程系所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2008.00007

摘要

本研究是利用Nd：YAG 雷射對6061鋁合金薄板進行切割，探討雷射加工參數對工件切割斷面之表面粗糙度、熔渣高度及錐度之品質特性，並建立單一及多重目標品質之最佳參數模式。研究流程可分為實驗架構、單一目標及多重目標品質之最佳參數分析等階段。首先利用田口法直交表規劃實驗配置，並選擇氣體種類、尖峰功率、脈衝寬度、脈衝頻率、聚焦位置、切割速度、脈衝重複率及氣體壓力等為雷射切割參數。以表面粗糙度，熔渣高度及錐度作為量測目標，並藉由田口法個別選擇上述之雷射切割品質進行單一目標最佳化分析，經由平均數分析及變異數分析找出對雷射切割品質影響最重要的因子及雷射切割最佳參數組合。接著利用灰關聯分析，找出以表面粗糙度、熔渣高度及錐度為多重目標品質之最佳參數組合。結果顯示在單一目標品質最佳參數分析中，分別得到切割處表面粗糙度為3.343 m、溶渣高度為0.184mm及錐度為3.246°。當加入灰關聯分析後，得知直交表內及值交表外灰關聯分析所得最佳參數結果相同，其切割斷之表面粗糙度為3.177 m、溶渣高度為0.233mm及錐度為3.231°。在多重目標品質與單一目標品質相較後得知以灰關聯內、外值交表分析結果為最佳，上述單一及多重目標品質最佳參數模式均可用做為雷射切割相關研究的參考，並提供雷射切割相關產業之參考及應用。

關鍵字

雷射切割 ； 6061鋁合金 ； 田口法 ； 灰關聯分析

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of workpiece cutting cross section quality to surface roughness, dross height of workpiece and cutted taper in laser cutting 6061Aluminum Alloy by Nd:YAG, and construct the optimized parameters model for single and multiple quality objectives. Research procedure can be divided into experimental frame, and analysis for single and multiple quality. Firstly, an orthogonal array of Taguchi method is used to arrange the experimental configuration. The selected laser cutting parameters include gas type, peak power, impulse width, impulse frequency, focusing point, cutting speed, impulse repeatability and, gas pressure. The cutting qualities of surface roughness, dross height of workpiece and cutted taper are then measured and the set above objective of cutting qualities advance to analysis on the optimized parameters for single quality respectively by using Taguchi method. Furthermore, find affects the most important factor of cutting qualities and optimum laser cutting parameter by analysis of mean(ANOM) and analysis of variance(ANOVA). The results of analysis show that the surface roughness is 3.343 m, dross height is 0.184 mm and cutted taper is 3.246° in the single quality objective analysis by using Taguchi method. Finally, after introducing grey relational analysis, it can be found that in the orthogonal array and out of the orthogonal array of grey relational analysis, get the same of parameters. The results of analysis show that the surface roughness is 3.177 m, dross height is 0.233 mm and cutted taper is 3.231°. After the single and multiple quality objectives were
compared. It can seen that the in and out of orthogonal array of grey relational analysis to obtain the optimum results. Above could deduce from the optimized parameters model of single and multiple quality objectives are good enough for the relational research in laser cutting and could be used for practical applications in related industry.

並列關鍵字

Laser Cutting ； 6061Aluminum Alloy ； Taguchi Method ； Grey Relational Analysis

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