- 學位論文
國內外熱拌塑膠反光標線之發展與現況探討
The Study of the Present Status and the Development of Hot-mix Reflective Traffic Paints
摘要
經濟持續發展和汽車擁有量急劇上升的雙重推動下，道路建設的步伐進一步加快，另原有建設公路拓建工程，大量新建的高速公路將進入高峰期，路面進行建設、維護或路面重新鋪設，都需要重新標繪標線。 道路標線塗料的研究不僅具有科學意義和經濟價值，還具有廣闊的應用前景。對於道路標線塗料的要求首先是具有耐候性、耐車輛衝擊性， 其次要求乾燥時間短、能見度高。 大量的原低等級道路的標線標繪率將會提高，而且數量多。因此比較分析各國標線漆之規範，分辨原料好壞和等級及各國內外熱拌塑膠反光標線使用情形等。 熱熔型道路標線塗料不僅要考慮到原材料不同品種之間性能的差異，還要考慮塗料的施工性能及施工成型後的使用性能等因素，因此，熱熔型標線塗料原材料的運用要根據施實的環境溫度、路面種類做適當的調整。冬季，塗料施工的環境和路面溫度低，此時使用的塗料。要適當加大增塑劑的用量，以降低塗料的軟化點和抗壓強度，較低的軟化點能減少標線在使用中出現的裂紋。能控制標線在使用中附著力降低的情況。夏季使用的塗料，施工環境及路面溫度比較高(瀝青路面路表溫度甚至高達50-60°C)，塗敷在路面的塗料不易乾結，影響交通開放時間，所以用於夏季的塗料應當適當提高軟化點，減少增塑劑的用量。 三種類型塗料中以熱熔和加熱溶劑型占主要比重，並且這種趨勢還有所發展。相對而言，加熱溶劑型發展的較快，並將進一步在高速公路上取代熱熔塗料。 不斷地開發新的塗料產品，如溫度敏感塗料、光敏塗料、發光塗料等。由於塗料施工裝備進一步機械化和自動化，使得道路標線塗料用量逐年增加。另外在一種貼附式的道路標線用反光膠帶已在國外問世，並已形成工業化生產。這種產品類似熱熔塗料塗層，物理性質與橡膠帶接近。其使用方便、適應性強且壽命長，具有一定的發展前途。
並列摘要
Because the sharply growth of global economy in last several decades, the number of cars around the world was quickly increased recently. The needs for the extension of the existing roadways and the construction of new highway systems were highly demanded. Indeed, new roadway systems construction, maintenance roadways, and overlaid of existing pavements are all required to mark the roadway traffic lines. Roadway traffic line mark coating is an important transportation material and has a great economic value. It is also an important scientific research area. In general, roadway marking paint should consist of excellent work ability and engineering performance after installation. It’s required flexibility under different weather conditions and a great impact-resistance due to traffic. Moreover, it also requires excellent visibility and a short drying time after painting. The comparative study of the roadway marking paints and reflection materials between CNS and major international specifications was conducted. The quality and grading of raw materials for producing the hot mix roadway marking paints and reflection materials for various standards were discussed in the study. Hot-mix paint is the common use material for traffic marking lines in Taiwan. The softening temperature and compression strength of the mixture should be adjusted based upon the service temperature and pavement type. Sufficient amount of plasticizer should be added in the mixture in order to decrease the softening temperature and to reduce the compression strength for the placement of hot-mix paint in the cold winter. On the other hand, the amount of plasticizer should be minimized for the placement of hot-mix paint in the hot summer. To decrease the softening temperature of the mixture, it would reduce the possibility for hairy cracks development in the painted traffic lines within the service life. The use amount of traffic marking paint is continuously increased around the world. A new developed hot-solvent based paint for roadway traffic marking line installation is getting popular in the developed countries. A plastic traffic marking line sticker tape was invented recently. These products are recommended to be used in Taiwan in the near future. It urges the development of automatic traffic marking line installation machine. The research development of temperature-sensitive coating, photo-sensitive coating, and retro-reflective paint are all important topics to improve the safety of traffic.