- 學位論文
感應加熱技術熱解纖維料狼尾草之研究
Study on Pyrolysis for Cellulosic Napiergrass by Induction Heating Technology
摘要
狼尾草亦稱為象草，屬於熱帶C4型、多年生、具有高產量潛力之牧草，也是台灣主要牧草之ㄧ。國內將狼尾草轉化為生質焦油之研究則相當有限。熱裂解為一種熱化學程序，可有效地將生質物於缺氧及適當溫度條件下，轉化為生質焦油、焦碳及非凝結性氣體。 本研究探討藉感應加熱快速熱裂解技術轉化國內大宗能源作物狼尾草為生質焦油之可行性；藉由控制快速熱裂解反應爐的熱裂解溫度、升溫速率、持溫時間、樣品粒徑大小四個主要操作條件，再輔以氮氣流量及冷凝收集溫度的試驗條件，來求取生質焦油的最佳產率。研究結果顯示，操作條件對於生質焦油產率皆有所影響；狼尾草最佳的生質焦油產率為36.77 %。 對冷凝收集的生質焦油產物做其物理/化學特性分析，包括熱值、主要元素、pH值、傅利葉紅外線光譜及氣相層析質譜，顯示所得之產物熱值偏低、呈現酸性、含氧量偏高，若要實際運用所得產物，則須進一步提昇。倒是經快速熱裂解後的焦碳產物，因其熱值可高達5555 kcal/kg，可成為好的固態燃料外，也可進一步活化製造出活性碳。
並列摘要
Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum), also known as elephantgrass, is one of the highest yielding tropical (C4) perennial grasses. It is one of major forage crops grown for livestock in Taiwan. With respect to the domestic studies on the biomass fuel production from napiergrass, the published information is limited. Pyrolysis, a promising route for biomass utilization, is the thermochemical process that converts biomass into liquid (bio-oil), charcoal and non-condensable gases by heating the biomass at intermediate temperature in the absence of air. The objective of the research is to study the feasibility of using fast pyrolysis technology with induction heating for manufacturing the bio-fuel from the napiergrass. Under the conditions of controlling holding temperature, heating rate, hold time, inert gas flowrate, sample particle size and condensation temperature, the optimal yield of bio-oil was approached in the present study. The experimental results showed that these operating parameters, exclusive of inert gas flowrate, had significant effect on the yield of bio-oil, which could be obtained at the percentages of 36.77 for napiergrass. The physical and chemical characterizations of bio-oil collected from the cryogenic condensation were further conducted, including heating value, elemental analysis, pH value, Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The characteristics of bio-oil showed to be low heating value, acidic, high content of oxygenated components. Therefore, the bio-oil must be further upgraded while it was practically used. Another product charcoal after fast pyrolysis can become a solid fuel due to its high heating value (about 5555 kcal/g), or be further activated to produce activated carbon.