移動車輛於長隧中之污染排放

The study of the situation of the pollutants emitted from moving vehicles in a long tunnel

曾國祥(Guo-Siang Tseng)

指導教授 ： 李嘉塗

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2009.00214

摘要

就台灣之地形而言，中間隔著中央山脈，導致台灣西部與東部發展上的顯著落差，但由於近代工程技術的突飛猛進，許多位於台灣東部及偏遠山區藉由各長短隧道之開通而在其經濟上有所發展，以及在交通方面之便利性；故隧道工程就台灣地區而言，佔有著不可或缺之重要工程地位。
車輛於隧道內所排放之廢氣會造成廢氣濃度累積進而導致嚴重之空氣污染。由於汽車在行進當中會排出大量的廢氣，尤其是CO氣體，在隧道中會不知不覺地影響到駕駛之精神狀態，進而影響到行車安全；再加上於長隧道內駕駛車輛時，駕駛員可能因週遭幽暗且單調之環境而導致眼睛疲勞，在這樣的情況當中，很容易導致車禍甚至是火災之發生進而造成重大傷亡。故於此研究當中，必須要瞭解到於隧道內各種狀況對汽車駕駛人所造成之影響。
本研究採用Fluent軟體動態模擬於行進車輛在隧道中壓力變化。初步結果顯示，在隧道中車輛前方總壓較大、車輛後方總壓較小。中間壓力較大，污染物可能往兩邊擴散。兩邊洞口壓力較小，污染物可能往洞口橫向擴散。本研究將可深入了解於隧道空氣污染狀況以作為有關單位的管制參考。

關鍵字

隧道 ； 通風 ； 一氧化碳

並列摘要

For the geographical situation in Taiwan, there is a mountain chain on the central part of it, which has made the significant difference in economic development between its west and east. But, because of a huge development in engineering technology in the recent years, many mountainous places in the east part of Taiwan have their development in economy and convenience in traffic by the continuous successful constructions of the short or long tunnels. In Taiwan, the tunnel engineering has occupied indispensable status in engineering.
The flue gas emitted by vehicles in a tunnel will make its accumulation and then lead to serious air pollution. The vehicle will emit a large amount of flue gas when it is moving, especially carbon monoxide（CO）, the gas will influence the spirit of the driver unconsciously, and then influence the safety of driving. In addition, when the driver drives his vehicle in a long tunnel, the dark and monotonous surroundings will possibly make him eye fatigue, and then lose his mind to control, finally lead to car accident, even large fire accident then make huge damage.
In this study, we must understand how air quality and inner surroundings will influence a driver’s spirit in a tunnel. This study uses Fluent software to simulate the change of pressure of a moving vehicle in a tunnel.
The initial results show that the total pressure is larger in front of a vehicle and is smaller in back of it. The pressure is larger in the middle part of a tunnel, the pollutants will possibly diffuse toward right and left sides of it. The two sides of the outlet of a tunnel is smaller in pressure, the pollutants will possibly diffuse toward the outlet of it.
This study will deeply understand the situation of air pollution in a tunnel for the reference of the related government organization about total quantity control of vehicles.

並列關鍵字

tunnel ； ventilation ； CO

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