應用奈米二氧化鈦及奈米碳管於開發新穎處理含苯乙烯廢水及廢氣之聚合去除系統

Application of Nano-TiO2 and Carbon Nanotubes on Developing Novel Polymerization Removing Systems for Treating Styrene-containing Wastewater and Waste Gas

張齡尹(Ling-Yin Chang)

指導教授 ： 黃武章

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2008.00104

摘要

目前如何應用奈米材料和奈米技術於大氣污染防治上ㄧ直廣受世界各國注目。如果能將廢氣中之污染物直接聚合在吸附材上，而所得到之廢棄吸附材又是可用之複合材料，應可發展出一套零廢棄物的空污防治處理技術。本研究使用苯乙烯單體做為可聚合污染物之代表，利用奈米二氧化鈦和奈米碳管經光照活化後聚合性去除苯乙烯。
以奈米二氧化鈦作為觸媒之結果顯示，經傅立葉紅外線光譜儀得知在1400 cm-1烯類的訊號，來自於苯乙烯經聚合形成聚苯乙烯後的烯類，和3000 cm-1芳香族的訊號，來自於聚苯乙烯中苯環的訊號；膠體滲透層析儀得知，重量平均分子量為4448；熱示差掃描分析儀得知，114℃、191℃及227℃出現苯乙烯玻璃轉換溫度；氣相層析儀得知，隨著時間的增加，其苯乙烯去除率亦隨之增加。因此經由以上分析結果得知奈米TiO2確實有接上苯乙烯之結構。
以奈米碳管(CNT)作為觸媒之結果顯示，經紫外光可見光分光光譜儀得知，奈米碳管具有光催化高錳酸鉀的能力。核磁共振儀得知，在26.898及29.695 ppm的碳訊號，是屬於alkyl carbons，120~140 ppm之間的訊號是屬於aromatic carbons，來自於聚苯乙烯苯環的碳訊號；熱失重分析儀得知於300℃時產生聚苯乙烯之裂解訊號，及於600℃時產生奈米碳管之裂解訊號；拉曼光譜儀結果顯示CNTs面積在使用後由1.16增加到1.22。原子力顯微鏡得知使用後CNTs表面的軟度變軟；元素分析儀使用後CNTs含有9.6%的聚苯乙烯；膠體滲透層析儀得知所得PS具有三種不同之分子量，其最大分子量約為5364 g/mole。因此經由以上分析結果得知奈米碳管確實有接上苯乙烯之結構。

關鍵字

奈米二氧化鈦 ； 奈米碳管 ； 苯乙烯 ； 聚苯乙烯 ； 廢氣 ； 廢水

並列摘要

In this study we used styrene monomer as the model compound of those polymerizeable pollutants in environment. The photo-activated titanium dioxide nano-particle(nano-TiO2) and carbon nanotubes(CNTs) were applied as the solid absorbant to remove the styrene from wastewater and waste gas. The FT-IR spectrum of obtained product using nano-TiO2 as absorbant catalyst showed that two peaks at 1400 cm-1 and 3,000 cm-1 were observed and they are corresponding to alkene groups and aromatic structure of polystyrene(PS), respectively. The molecular weight of the synthesized PS on nano-TiO2 powder detected by gel permeation chromatography analysis was 4448 g/mole. In the differential scanning calorimetry spectra of obtained PS, the appearance in 114 ℃, 191 ℃ and 227 ℃ are attributed to the melting of crystalline PS. From the gas chromatography measurement, as increasing treating to increase the removal percentage of styrene time. Therefore polystyrene does graft on the surface of nano-TiO2.
From the UV spectra measurement, CNTs has shown a potential ability to be used as a photo-catalyst for KMnO4 solution. From the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the polymer on CNTs show, the appearance of chemistry shift in 26.898 and 29.695 ppm on nuclear magnetic resonance spectra are corresponding to alkyl carbons of PS, the signals between 120-140 ppm belong to aromatic carbons of benzene rings of PS. From the thermal grarimetric analysis spectra of obtained CNT/PS composites, it showed a decomposition of PS at 300 ℃ and a decomposition of CNTs at 600℃. From the Raman spectra of the treated CNTs, the ratio of conducting character and semi-conducting character of CNTs has been changed from 1.16 into 1.22. From the atomic force microscopy map, the surface softness the used CNTs became softer. From the results of elemental analyzer, we have calculated the content of PS in the used CNTs is 9.6%. In, addition, the PS content in the treated CNTs showed three peaks in gel permeation chromatography spectrum. The fact of gel permeation chromatography data means that the PS on CNTs has three different molecular weights, the maximum molecular weights is 5364 g/mole. Therefore polystyrene does graft on the surface of CNTs. This experiment indicates that to develop polymerization removal absorption technique is a feasible.

並列關鍵字

Nano-TiO2 ； Carbon Nanotubes ； Styrene ； Polystyrene ； Waste gas ； Wastewater

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