以脈衝式電泳分析犬沙門氏桿菌之流行病學研究

Epidemiologic Study of Canine Salmonellosis by

陳秀芬(Hsiu-Fen Chine)

指導教授 ： 廖明輝教授

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/獸醫學系所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2008.00181

摘要

本研究於2006年針對高雄地區選定12家動物醫院、8家寵物店及高雄市動物收容處所隨機採檢糞材，並參照世界動物衛生組織（International Office of Epizootics；OIE）分離流程，進行沙門氏桿菌的分離鑑定。共採集1,828件糞材樣本進行鑑定，合計分離出256件沙門氏桿菌，其中自動物醫院分離出的陽性株58件（22.7%；58/256）、寵物店18件（7.0%；18/256），動物收容中心180（70.3%；180/256）件；分離率以動物收容中心陽性樣本數為最高。
沙門氏桿菌屬於革蘭氏陰性菌，具人畜共通傳染性，可造成人類嚴重的腸胃炎、菌血症及傷寒等疾病與經濟損失，迄今仍為世界各國重要的公共衛生問題。沙門氏桿菌屬於典型的腸道病原菌，經口為最普遍的感染途徑，主要是吃到污染病原的食物，感染後病原可從糞便排出；某些無臨床症狀的感染動物成為潛在性的帶菌者，由糞便散播沙門氏桿菌污染環境造成其他動物及人類的感染發病。
隨著生活型態的改變，圈養寵物的人口逐年攀升，由家庭寵物來源感染的沙門氏桿菌症成為新的關注焦點；根據研究結果顯示，自寵物來源的隨機採樣，犬隻感染沙門氏桿菌的盛行率為14%；進一步以脈衝式電泳（pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, PFGE）基因圖譜與傳統血清型試驗鑑定分析沙門氏桿菌分離株，共鑑定出12種血清型，其中以S. Albany（76.2%）及S. Newport（12.2%）居多；藥物敏感性試驗中顯示，藥物抗藥性比例以tetracycline（85.7%）、ampicillin（78.2%）及sulfamethoxazole- trimethoprim（78.2%）三種藥物最高；依據以上結果，顯示與人們一起生活的寵物，有可能成為人類沙門氏桿菌症的潛在感染來源，未來藉由以上資料，不但可提供台灣民眾於飼養寵物的衛教資訊及臨床獸醫師於犬隻施用抗生素藥物時之參考，並可提供未來進行沙門氏桿菌感染之風險評估資料之依據。

關鍵字

沙門氏桿菌 ； 脈衝式電泳 ； 藥物敏感性試驗

並列摘要

The experiment was conducted in the four seasons in 2006. The 1,828 fecal samples was collected from the 12 randomly selected veterinary clinics, 8 pet shops and animal shelter in Koahsiung city. Salmonella spp. isolation and identification. Were based on the standard protocol of International Office of Epizootic (OIE),. Two hundred and fifty six from all collected samples were Salmonella positive, 58 (22.7% : 58/256) from veterinary clinics, 18 (7.0% : 18/256) from pet shops and 180 (70% : 180/256) from the animal shelter.
Salmonella spp., a gram-negative organism, could cause animal and human serious gastroenteritis such as bacteremia and bacillus typhi is considered as one of the important issue of zoonosis that could cause economic catastrophe all around the world. Salmonella spp, as a classical gastrointestinal pathogen, infects hosts mainly via the face-oral route, especially from the contaminated food. Pathogen could be found in the feces of the infected hosts which didn’t show any signs clinically. The patent hosts and serves as potential carriers. Fecal transmission pathway provides the important route for Salmonella spp. infection of animals and human beings from the eco-environment.
Salmonella infection in pet animals becomes an important public issue with the life-style changing and the increasing population with pets. As the data from the survey shows that the prevalence rate of salmonellosis in pet dogs and cats and indicates that pets have become an important source worthy of more concern and further study for Salmonella. Serotpying and PFGE pattern results revealed that the isolates comprised of 12 serotypes of Salmonella. Out of all isolates, S. Albany（76.2%） had the highest percentage followed by S. Newport（12.2%）. Most of the strains tested were resistant to tetracycline（85.7%）, ampicillin（78.2%）and sulfamethoxazole- trimethoprim（78.2%）. On the basis of these observations, it was concluded that dog as pets could be the possible source of Salmonella infection for humans, and may eventually threat human public health. The results useful for health education in people who raise or will keep dog as pets. Future risk assessment of Salmonella infection for humans is needed in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Salmonella ； pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ； antibiotic susceptibility test

參考文獻

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