甘比亞西部地區農村婦女產銷班組織蔬菜運銷之研究

A Study of the Marketing of Vegetables by Women’s Production and Marketing Teams in Western Region of The Gambia

尚卡仁(Aba Gibril Sankareh)

指導教授 ： 黃文琪

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/熱帶農業暨國際合作系所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2008.00224

摘要

蔬菜產業是甘比亞經濟的重要產業與成長領域。蔬菜產業的重要性不僅在於改善日常飲食攝取的營養價值，亦在於補貼家庭收入來源。婦女在蔬菜產業的發展中扮演相當重要的角色。在甘比亞，60%的婦女農民積極從事蔬菜生產。除了挖掘水井和替菜園圍籬是男性負責的工作之外，其餘所有的活動都是由婦女負責。本研究之主要目的，即在於了解農村婦女產銷班的蔬菜運銷行為，分析影響蔬菜運銷之因素，進而提出可行的解決方案。以往的研究很少針對產銷班探究其運銷議題。同時，此產業的拓展受到生產者之農產品運銷能力的限制，常使得生產者感到挫折而缺乏增加生產面積的動力。基於生產者生產面積小之特性，推廣人員鼓勵農村婦女組成蔬菜產銷班。本研究調查西部區域四個成立最久的農村婦女產銷班，結果發現平均年收入最高的是位於巴高(Bakau)和班竹町(Banjulnding)的受訪者，分別達1,166美元和611美元。結果也顯示，蔬菜生產對於受訪者家庭收入的貢獻度超過50%。此外，受訪者雖然是產銷班的成員，卻幾乎都是個別獨自運銷(90.90%)。受訪者認為蔬菜運銷限制條件依序為：分別為倉儲設施不足、市場供過於求、價格低落、聯絡道路不良，以及缺乏充足的市場資訊。為使農村婦女生產者可以更有利地銷售她們的產品、獲取更高的利潤，本研究建議應規劃適當的運銷系統，以供其使用。

關鍵字

蔬菜產業 ； 甘比亞 ； 行銷 ； 西部區域 ； 農村婦女

並列摘要

The vegetable sector is a key sector and growth area of The Gambia’s economy. The importance of the vegetable sector is not only to improve the nutritional value of daily food intakes but also as a supplement source for income generation. Women play a very important role in the development of vegetable sector. In The Gambia, 60% of women farmers are actively engaged in vegetable production. Apart from digging wells and fencing of the garden which is of course done by men, all other activities are done by women. The foremost reason for undertaking this research is to understand the marketing of vegetables by women’s production and marketing teams, identify the factors affecting the marketing of vegetable crops and come up with possible solutions. Only little research has been conducted in the area of marketing for the PMTs. However, expansion in the sector is constrained by the ability of the producers on marketing of the produce, which always leaves the producers frustrated and de-motivated to increase production acreages. Due to small holders in characteristics, the women producers have been encouraged to form into Production and Marketing Teams (PMTs). This study investigated the four most sustained women’s vegetable gardens in the Western Region. We found that the highest annual average income earned was from respondents in Bakau and Banjulnding, US$1166 and US$611 respectively. It has been observed that vegetable production contributes more than 50% to the respondent’s household income. The respondents are marketing individually (90.90%), even though they are PMT members.

Marketing constraints were also highlighted in order of importance by respondents as follows: inadequate storage facilities, market glut, low prices, poor road network, and lack of enough market information. In conclusion, we recommend that appropriate marketing systems should be formulated for adoption by women producers to better market their produce with higher returns.

並列關鍵字

vegetable sector ； The Gambia ； marketing ； Western Region ； rural women

參考文獻

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