乳酸菌 (Lactobacillus plantarum) 對石班魚 (Epinephelus coioides) 成長及非特異性免疫反應與其抗病力之影響

Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on Growth, Innate Immune Responses, and Susceptibility to Pathogens in Orange-spotted Grouper Epinephelus coioides

武明山(Vo Minh Son)

指導教授 ： 鄭文騰 ； 劉俊宏

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/熱帶農業暨國際合作系所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

在水產養殖業中，益生菌廣泛的應用在飼料添加物中。本研究的目的主要在於評估Epinephelus coioides餵飼添加Lactobacillus plantarum人工飼料對(1).腸道菌群、(2). 成長表現、(3). 抗病能力、(4). 先天性免疫反應之影響，以及(5). 對病原菌的抑制能力。試驗中，在胃腸道中可發現存活的L. plantarum，且以103、105、107 L. plantarum人工飼料餵飼四星期後，E. coioides生長、和飼料轉換率皆顯著優於控制組。平均體重、相對增重、日增重、日成長率則以餵飼105、107 L. plantarum人工飼料四星期後，表現明顯高於控制組。攻擊試驗中，以Streptococcus sp. 及Iridovirus感染餵飼L. plantarum人工飼料二及四星期後之E. coioides，餵飼兩星期後其對Streptococcus sp. 及Iridovirus感染存活率並無顯著改變，但在餵飼四星期後，103、105 L. plantarum人工飼料處理組對Streptococcus sp. 感染之存活率以及105 L. plantarum人工飼料處理組對Iridovirus感染之存活率皆明顯優於控制組。以白血球和血清進行先天性免疫試驗，其中，餵飼105、107 L. plantarum人工飼料四星期之E. coioides，其吞噬活性、吞噬指標、溶菌酶活性、替代性補體活性顯著高於控制組，然而超氧歧化酵素活性在各處理組皆明顯下降。除此之外，L. plantarum懸浮液可抑制Vibrio vulnificus, Photobacterium damsela damselae, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Streptococcus sp. 的成長。因此，以105 L. plantarum人工飼料餵飼E. coioides四星期後，可提升成長表現、抑制病原菌生長、增強先天性免疫能力，使其對Streptococcus sp. 及Iridovirus感染之抗病力增加。

關鍵字

植物乳酸桿菌 ； 點帶石斑 ； 益生菌 ； 先天性免疫反應 ； 成長表現 ； 抗病力

並列摘要

Probiotics have widely applied as a dietary supplement in aquaculture. The objectives of this study were to elucidate the effects of dietary administration of Lactobacillus plantarum 7-40 (NTU102)-supplemented diets at 103, 105, 107 cfu g-1 to Epinephelus coioides on (i) gut colonization, (ii) growth performances, (iii) the disease resistance, (iv) innate immune responses, and (v) in vitro inhibitory efficacy of L. plantarum on the pathogenic growth. In the gut colonization, L. plantarum colonized and survived in the gastrointestinal tract. In the growth performance test, the feed conversion ratio of fish fed 103, 105, and 107 cfu g-1 L. plantarum- supplemented diets were significantly higher than that of fish fed the control diet for 4 weeks. The mean body weight, relative gain weight, daily gain weight, specific growth rate of fish fed 105 and 107 cfu g-1 L. plantarum- supplemented diets were significantly higher than that of fish fed control diet after 4 weeks of feeding. In the challenge test, the E. coioides fed with experimental diets for 2 and 4 weeks were challenged with Streptococcus sp. and Iridovirus. The survival rate of fish had no significant difference among the fish fed the control and L. plantarum-supplemented diets for 2 weeks in Streptococcus sp. and Iridovirus challenge tests. However, the survival rate of fish fed L. plantarum-supplemented diets at 103 and 105 cfu g-1 for 4 weeks were significantly higher than that of fish fed the control diet in Streptococcus sp. challenge test. In Iridovirus challenge test, the survival rate of fish fed L. plantarum-supplemented diets at 105 cfu g-1 were significantly higher than that of fish fed the control diet for 4 weeks. In the innate immune responses, leucocytes and serum of fish fed control and L. plantarum-supplemented diets for 2 and 4 weeks were used for evaluating the immune response parameters. The results showed that phagocytic activity and phagocytic index, respiratory burst activity, glutathione peroxidase, lysozyme and alternative complement activity of fish fed L. plantarum-supplemented diets at 105 cfu g-1 and 107 cfu g-1 were significantly higher than those of fish fed the control diets for 4 weeks. However, the superoxide dismutase of fish fed L. plantarum- supplemented diets was significantly lower than that of fish fed with control diet after 2 and 4 weeks of feeding. In addition, the L. plantarum suspension was able to inhibit the pathogenic growth including Vibrio vulnificus, Photobacterium damsela damselae, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Streptococcus sp. Therefore, it is concluded that dietary administration of L. plantarum-supplemented diet at 105 cfu g-1 for 4 weeks to E. coioides promoted the growth performances, and the inhibition of pathogen growth and enhanced innate immune ability resulting in increase of disease resistance to Streptococcus sp. and Iridovirus.

並列關鍵字

Lactobacillus plantarum ； Epinephelus coioides ； probiotics ； innate immune responses ； growth performances ； disease resistance

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