政府每年為了解國內稻米的產量,委由相關單位辦理水稻坪割作業,坪割點達到2000點以上。而且稻米是台灣的主要糧食,也是國內主要的作物;對於稻穀價格的高低,是否符合農政單位的保證價格收購標準,稻穀本身的容重,占有影響的因素。本研究提出一套新的稻穀產量量測方式,該方式包含田間面積計算與定位、稻穀容重自動量測、稻穀含水率檢測、單位面積產量的推估。並利用PLC人機介面開發量測平台,使其具有推估稻穀重量、紀錄稻穀容積重、紀錄單粒水份、畫出單粒水份數值和儲存相關數值等功能。收集稻穀單位面積產量的統計值,並將GPS中所得到的資訊與該地區的地圖做結合並且利用MATLAB軟體來做產量分布的套圖與標示,以利後續相關糧政管理之所需。研究中對於單位面積產量推估的部分還有與傳統坪割法所推估出來的數值來有所誤差,且本系統的誤差率在濕穀方面相對絕對誤差約在1%~51%之間而乾穀方面相對絕對誤差約在1%~63%之間。
To evaluate rice yield in domestic, Taiwan government conducts a sampling system that have sample points of more than 2000. Base on statistics, every year Taiwan produces about 1450 thousand tons of rough rice in an area of 240 thousand hectares which have market value about 30 billion NT dollars. To secure the quality of rice, volume weight has been used as an important criterion. This study proposed a new system for rice yield estimation. The system consists of area calculation and location, volume weight measurement, moisture content measurement, and yield estimation. Programmable logic controller was applied in a measuring platform that has functions of recording volume weight of rice, single kernel moisture content, histogram of moisture content, and estimation yields. The new system also includes mapping rice yield onto the field map via GPS location. The new system has been tested in field from 2011 to 2012. The operation time of new system only needs 50% of that of conventional type. But the estimation value still has error between 1% to 51% in wet rough rice and 1% to 63% in dry rough rice.