溫帶、亞熱帶與熱帶地區蛇紋岩土壤特性之探討

Characterization of serpentine soils from temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions

張曉菁(Hsiao-Ching Chang)

指導教授 ： 許正一

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2013.00234

摘要

蛇紋岩為超基岩類，其所含的鐵鎂質原岩結晶構造以島狀矽酸鹽為主，故較易風化崩解，蛇紋岩土壤含有高濃度的鉻、鎳等重金屬，其濃度遠超過全球一般土壤的管制標準，此類因地質所造成重金屬含量偏高之土壤，雖非人為污染所致，但一樣會影響生態環境與人體健康。由於氣候條件、土地利用及風化程度不同，土壤性質也有所不同，因此本研究採取奧地利、日本及印尼三樣體土壤，進行理化性質分析。以了解溫帶、亞熱帶與熱帶蛇紋岩土壤之基本特性。研究結果指出，溫帶氣候下奧地利的樣體砂粒及坋粒含量較高、亞熱帶氣候日本砂粒較高及熱帶氣候下印尼粘粒含量較高。其次，溫帶氣候樣體pH值呈現鹼性、有機碳含量較高，熱帶氣候樣體pH值呈現酸性、有機碳含量較低，鉻與鎳在三個不同氣候土壤都超出全球土壤的平均值(鉻:84 mg/kg，鎳:34 mg/kg)及台灣的土壤污染管制標準(鉻: 250 mg/kg，鎳: 200 mg/kg)。

關鍵字

蛇紋岩 ； 超基性岩類 ； 重金屬 ； 土壤

並列摘要

Serpentinite is one of the ultramafic rocks through weathering. Its original rocks are island silicate framework and high in Fe and Mg. Serpentinite soils contain high concentration of heavy metals such as chromius(Cr) and nickel(Ni) , which is above the global soil pollution control standards. These heavy metals are not produced from human activities, but may have adverse effects on eco-environment and human health. Owing to the differences of soil properties caused by climates, land use and weathering, this study collected the Serpentinite pedons from the regions in three different climate zones – temperate, subtropical, and tropical. It intended to understand the characteristics of Serpentinite soils by analyzing their chemical and physical properties.
The results show that the pedons from a temperate climate region contain a higher amount of sand and silt ; Second, the pedon from a subtropical climate region contains a higher amount of sand ; the pedon from a tropical climate region contains a higher amount of clay. The pedons from a temperate climate region contain a higher amount of organic carbon and their pH value is alkaline; the pedon from a subtropical climate region contains a lower amount of organic carbon and its pH values is alkaline ; the pedon from a tropical climate region contains a lower amount of organic carbon and its pH values is acidic. In all the pedons, concentration ranges of Ni and Cr are much higher than both the global (Cr:84 mg/kg，Ni:34 mg/kg)and Taiwanese soil pollution control standards(Cr :250 mg/kg，Ni:200 mg/kg).

並列關鍵字

serpentinites ； ultramafic rock ； Heavy metals ； soils

參考文獻

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extraction of heavy metals in soils irrigated with wateswater