2009年春灰面鵟鷹在臺灣南部的遷移模式

Spring Migration of Grey-faced Buzzard in Southern Taiwan 2009

庫曼德(James Mandla Kunene)

指導教授 ： 孫元勳

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/野生動物保育研究所/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2015.00090

摘要

臺灣春秋兩季有猛禽大量過境，灰面鵟鷹(Butastur indicus)是其中兩種最常見的物種之一。2005年氣象雷達發現，春返的灰面鵟鷹多沿西部陸地北上，牠們是否還會有其它路線是本研究的目的。我以臺南七股氣象雷達觀測2009年春天灰面鵟鷹的遷移模式，如路線、飛行高度、飛行速度，原因是2008年秋天墾丁地面記錄到43,516隻的灰面鵟鷹南下，是歷史記錄的第三大量。
2009年3月雷達總共觀測到357群灰面鵟鷹，夜棲地最北在雲嘉山區，最早上午5點16分就已起飛。估算有約62%的數量集中在其中三天大量遷移。和2005年的路線大相逕庭的是，有82%的灰面鵟鷹在八卦山以南的雲嘉南就出海，兩年不同的遷移路線可能是和降雨、風向和風速有關。

關鍵字

都卜勒氣象雷達 ； 灰面鵟鷹 ； 春季遷移

並列摘要

Taiwan is graced with two famous raptor migration seasons, the autumn where most raptors species migrate from higher latitudes to lower latitudes escaping harsh weather conditions and the opposite occurs in spring. On the island Baguashan is well-known for spring migration of Grey-faced Buzzard (Butastur indicus), the second most enormous raptor in Taiwan as they make their way back to breeding areas of higher latitudes. Previous radar study conducted in 2005 showed that these birds flew northbound along the western part of Taiwan. In fall of 2008 about 43,516 birds, fifth highest number ever recorded by Raptor Research Group of Taiwan’s ground observers passed through Kenting Raptor Watch Site. We used the Doppler Weather Radar at Chiku Weather Station, Tainan County to investigate the flight behaviour of the birds focusing on flight route, flight height, flight speed and influence of weather in their spring migration of 2009.
Importantly we investigated and revealed that the flight route of 2009 spring differed from the spring of 2005. Not only the flight route differed in 2009, recorded an unfamiliar resting site over the foothills of Chiayi and Yulin Mountains. A total of 357 flocks were recorded in March of 2009. They took off as early as at 5:16 am. Radar found that about 62% of the total number were recorded from three days. About 82% of the birds exited Taiwan on the west northwest direction even before they reached the famous Baguashan resting site which also has a raptor watch site nearby.
Precipitation, wind direction and wind speed may influence the flight route of the Grey-faced Buzzards and these birds avoided high altitude areas like the central ridge of Taiwan and remained along the western shoreline throughout their migration period in Taiwan. With the use of this tool we were able to have data for all targeted days regardless of the weather conditions, time of the day and the flight height of the birds.

並列關鍵字

Doppler Weather Radar ； Grey- Faced Buzzard ； spring migration

參考文獻

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