- 學位論文
以社會交換理論來探討軟體專案團隊成員的共識程度
An Exploratory Study on the Consensus between Software Project Team Members Based on the Social Exchange Theory
摘要
近年來，採用專案團隊的模式執行軟體專案的工作是一種主要發展趨勢，因此，如何讓團隊成員對團隊產生共識以利達成專案的任務目標是一個重要的研究議題。至目前為止，在軟體專案團隊中以專案特性與專案團隊的組成，探討影響共識程度之相關性研究並不多見，專案領導者常不易察覺影響共識的因素或是無法提升團隊成員對團隊產生共識，導致工作效率不佳，進而造成專案失敗的結果。有鑑於此，本研究依據社會交換理論發展研究架構，主要構面包括專案的特性、專案成員的多樣性、領導、溝通、信任、關係品質、承諾與共識程度等八個構面探討影響專案團隊共識程度的因素，提供專案領導者決策之參考。 本研究為探討影響軟體專案團隊共識程度的重要因素，建構一個以社會交換理論為基礎之研究架構，實證分析對象是臺北市政府內部之專案團隊並且利用結構化方程模式（Structural Equation Model, SEM）以及統計分析軟體SPSS及 AMOS來分析探討影響軟體專案團隊共識程度的相關因素。本研究主要發現如下：專案的規模、專案的複雜度、專案的風險性、專案成員的多樣性、領導者的經驗、領導者的專業能力、領導者的領導風格、溝通、信任、關係品質與承諾皆對軟體專案團隊共識程度有正面的影響。總而言之，進行適當的溝通、取得信任及給予承諾都能使團隊在共識程度上有所提升，也可加強軟體專案團隊的績效。
並列摘要
Recently implementations of projects using teamwork approach become a major trend. Therefore, how to attain the goal of projects by obtaining the consensus between project team members is an important research topic. So far, few of research paper focus on the discussions about the consensus between software project team members based on the viewpoints of the characteristics of projects and compositions of project team members. Many projects occur failures due to project managers can not easily perceive the factors affecting the consensus between project team members. Based on the above discussion, research framework based on the social exchange theory is used to explore the factors affecting the consensus between project team members. The research framework has eight dimensions including the characteristics of a software project, diversity of compositions of project team members, leadership, communication, trust, relationship quality, commitments, and consensus between project team members. In order to explore the factors affecting the consensus between project team members, we collect data from internal project teams in Taipei city government. A structural equation model (Structural Equation Model, SEM) is formulated and we use statistical software SPSS and AMOS to conduct data analysis and processing. The findings of this study are described as follows: scale of projects, complexity of projects, risks of projects, diversity of compositions of project team members, leadership experiences, leadership professionals, and leadership styles, communication, trust, relationship quality and commitment has positive influence on the consensus between project team members. In summary, appropriate communication, strengthening trust, and obtaining commitment will enhance the consensus between project team members and performance of software projects can also be improved.