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  • 學位論文

複合坡公式應用於估算草帶處理 之土壤流失量適用性研究

Feasibility Study of using irregular-slope equation on soil loss prediction for grass strip treatments

指導教授 : 吳嘉俊

摘要


本研究利用坡長20m的USLE標準試驗區,以5m寬之草帶為基本單位,分別配置於20m坡長的上坡面、中上坡面、中下坡面及下坡面,並利用地表逕流量及土壤流失量之現場實測,進行可加性及Foster and Wishmeier複合坡公式的探討。   經由可加性探討中得知,土壤流失量以上游坡長愈短而下游坡長愈長的分離組合最符合可加性原理;地表逕流量則以上游坡長愈長而下游坡長愈短的分離組合最符合。複合坡探討中可得知,在草帶的條件下,植生加權土壤流失比例公式(VWSLC)優於Foster and Wishmeier所提出的土壤流失比例公式(SLC);而估算土壤流失量,則以修正係數修正複合坡公式所估算出的土壤流失量效果最佳。經過一連串的驗證得知,本研究所提出的植生加權與草帶上、下游分別修正的做法可以解決Foster and Wishmeier複合坡公式的缺點。

並列摘要


When Foster and Wischmeier proposed an irregular-slope equation in 1974, a limitation was imposed due to the nature of the sediment transport process so that soil loss from slopes involved in deposition process could not be estimated. Therefore, field experiments were set up in this study on USLE standard plots with various grass location configurations along the slopes. The objectives of this study are to test the concept of commutativity and to seek alternative to release the limitation of the irregular-slope equation through field experiments.  Soil loss may follow the rule of commutativity when amount of soil loss generated from short upper slope segment is added to long lower slope. Surface runoff may also follow the rule of commutativity provided that runoff from long upper slope segment being added to the short lower slope. Vegetation weighted soil loss coefficient formula (VWSLC) proposed by this study has proved to be superiors to soil loss coefficient formula (SLC) that formed the backbone of Foster and Wischmeier irregular-slope equation. Through VWSLC and proper correction factors for segments before and after grass strip respectively, soil loss estimation can be greatly improved.

參考文獻


1. 丁昭遠、陳信雄,1979,「森林緩衝帶對農藥之過濾作用」,中華水土保持學報,第3卷,第10期,第115-126頁。
13. 夏禹九,黃正良,王立志,黃良鑫,1990,「林道緩衝帶的適當寬度」,林業試驗所研究報告季刊,第5卷,第3期,第201-208頁。
3. 吳嘉俊,1995,「台灣水土保持因子之訂定與坡長坡度研究」,中美陡坡土壤流失量推估技術研討會論文輯,屏東,第117-134頁。
8. 吳輝龍,2005,水土保持手冊,行政院農業委員會水土保持局,南投。
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被引用紀錄


吳冠陞(2013)。不同草類對小區逕流特性與土壤沖蝕之影響研究〔碩士論文,國立屏東科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2013.00048

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