- 學位論文
南台灣灰鼩鼱體外寄生蟲之研究
Ectoparasites of Grey Shrew (Crocidura attenuate) in the Southern Taiwan
摘要
疾病傳播與氣候變遷是生態系裡影響野生動物族群增長縮減的自然因子。本研究擬瞭解南臺灣鼩形目鼩鼱科灰鼩鼱（Crocidura attenuate）體外寄生蟲相、探討灰鼩鼱體外寄生蟲感染狀況與氣候狀況（乾、濕季）及體外寄生蟲豐富度對與宿主體重之關係。從2008年至2009年於南臺灣屏東與臺東兩地共捕捉108隻灰鼩鼱。總共發現2綱3目6科10種體外寄生蟲，分別為：粒形硬蜱（Ixodes granulatus）、鐮形扇頭蜱（Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides）、鼠顎毛厲蟎（Laelaps myonyssognathus）、肉蟎（Crocidurobia sp.）、地理恙蟎（Leptotrombidium deliensse）、葉片恙蟎（Trombiculindus sp.）、短足珠恙蟎（Dolosia brachypus）、粉蟎（Acaridae）兩種、彎多板蝨（Polyplax reclinata）。在西部屏東樣區共發現8種體外寄生蟲，東部臺東樣區為8種；葉片恙蟎與珠恙蟎僅屏東出現，而鐮形扇頭蜱與B粉蟎僅在臺東發現。灰鼩鼱體外寄生蟲整體盛行率為84.0%，屏東樣區四季皆可發現的為粒形硬蜱、粉蟎與肉蟎，臺東樣區則為彎多板蝨。僅粒形硬蜱、鼠顎毛厲蟎與A粉蟎於乾濕兩季豐富度有明顯差異，體外寄生蟲豐富度對於宿主體重條件並沒有太大影響。而10種體外寄生蟲皆未曾於灰鼩鼱身上發現過，顯示臺灣野生動物疾病資料貧乏，需要更多研究來投入。
並列摘要
Climate changes and disease are the factors of ecosystem on the wildlife population abundance dramatically. I investigated the ectopara- site fauna of grey shrews in the wild and the season variation (wet or dry) between the prevalence and abundance of the ectoparasites. In this study, grey shrews (Crocidura attenuate) were collected in the Pingtung and Taitung from August 2008 to December 2009. Total 10 ectoparasite tax- as were found, including 2 ticks (Ixodes granulatus, Rhipicephalus haem- aphysaloides), 1 gamasoid mite (Laelaps myonyssognathus), 3 chiggers (Leptotrombidium deliensse, Trombiculindus sp., and Dolosia brachypus), 1 myobiid mite (Crocidurobia sp.), 2 acaroid mites (A and B), and 1 lou- se (Polyplax reclinata). T. sp. and D. brachypus only found in the Ping- tung, another R. haemaphysaloides and acaroid mite (B) only found in the Taitung. The prevalence of ectoparasites was 84.0%. The abundance of I. granulatus, L. myonyssognathus and acaroid mite (A) was associated with the dry season and wet season. The abundance of 10 species were not correlated to the host weight. According to previous study of ecto- parasite in Taiwan, these ectoparasites did not find on the grey shrew.