- 學位論文
鉻化砷酸銅處理材鉻溶出危害分析之研究
Study on Hazard Analysis of Chromium-leached for CCA-Treated Wood
摘要
鉻化砷酸銅（Chromated copper arsenate, CCA）是常見之木材防腐藥劑，由於對人體致癌，我國於2007年4月1日限制使用於含人體會接觸之建築物上，由於CCA廢棄處理材有潛在對於地下水汙染之憂慮，因此，在現今與未來CCA處理材之作為固體廢棄物需進行之後續處置將是一大課題。本研究採用環保署公告之「事業廢棄物毒性特性溶出程序」（Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure，TCLP）和恆溫震盪水槽試驗進行，其結果採用環保署所公告之比色法進行鉻溶出濃度之測定，並利用感應耦合電漿質譜儀（Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry，ICP-MS）進行兩者之比較分析，其結果顯示，所有採用比色法和ICP-MS之樣品鉻溶出量皆低於環保署公告之「有害事業廢棄物認定標準」，此外，實驗結果表明，萃取液之pH值低、木材之比重輕和粒徑小對於CCA處理材中鉻之溶出有顯著影響。根據實驗結果，諸多學者建議，經過CCA處理之木材應與未處理之木材分開處置，以降低木質廢棄物在進一步之回收和能源利用上之危害。
並列摘要
Chromated copper arsenate (CCA) is a common wood preservative. However, Taiwan has banned the use of the product for some constructions on April 1, 2007 because it is a human carcinogen and possibly poses a potential risk to groundwater. As a result, CCA-treated wood as a solid waste will be concerned with its treatment and disposal in the current and future. In the present study, the experimental CCA-treated wood materials were tested using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and isothermal shaking water bath test leaching procedure to identify chromium concentrations by colorimetric and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) methods. It was found that all of leached chromium concentrations were below the official standard designated by the Environmental Protection Administration. Furthermore, the results of the leaching experiments showed that the pH of the leachants, and density and particle size of CCA-treated woods have significant effects on the leaching process, higher leached metal concentrations in light and small size woods and low pH environment. Based on the experimental results, it was suggested that the CCA-treated woods should be separated from woody waste. The segregated CCA-treated woods were further treated using extraction to reduce their toxic metal hazards prior to the recycling or the reuse as energy sources.