苗栗通霄淺山地區自由活動家貓之活動範圍和活動模式

Home Range and Activity Pattern of Free-ranging Domestic Cats（Felis catus）in Low Elevation at Tongsiao, Miaoli

呂佳家(Jia-Jia Lyu)

指導教授 ： 裴家騏

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/野生動物保育研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2011.00217

摘要

本研究於2007年12月至2009年4月於苗栗縣通霄鎮的淺山地區進行9隻自由活動家貓（5雄4雌）的無線電追蹤。雄性的總活動範圍平均為71.03 ± 35.28公頃（n=5），50%FK總活動核心面積為13.24 ± 7.89公頃（n=5），雌性總活動範圍平均為11.57 ± 3.3公頃（n=4），50% FK總活動核心面積為3.05 ± 1.07公頃（n=4）。雄性的活動範圍明顯大於雌性；而雄性的24h活動範圍平均為5.23 ± 2.83公頃（n=5），雌性24h活動範圍平均為1.74 ± 1.29公頃（n=4），雌雄間沒有顯著差異。顯示雄性會不定期轉移24h活動範圍以維持完整的活動領域。
雄性與雌性之間活動範圍會重疊，活動核心也會重疊。但24h活動範圍重疊度低，顯示家貓實際並沒有生活在一起，但會分享領域內的資源，甚至可能有避免遇到對方之傾向。在本研究中，主要影響活動範圍大小的因子為性別，而天氣、季節與生殖等並未對活動範圍造成明顯之影響。
家貓為全日型活動，但個體歧異度大，一般活動高峰於晨昏時段，而在夜晚維持穩定的活動，但受到人類作息的影響，白天也有活動高峰。本研究調查發現家貓無論白天或夜晚，皆有超過50%的活動位於建築區與人為活動區，偶爾會進入次生林，但部分個體則會花較多時間於次生林活動，顯示家貓有深入次生林之潛能。在開發中的鄉村地區，棲地破碎的情況愈來愈嚴重，可能有利於家貓擴展活動範圍，以深入森林內部。

關鍵字

寵物 ； 無線電追蹤 ； 鄉村地區 ； 棲地破碎化

並列摘要

The study had tracked nine free-ranging domestic cats( five males and four females ) at Tongsiao, Miaoli from December 2007 to April 2009. The males’ average total home range was 71.03 ± 35.28ha( n=5 ), and the average core area was13.24 ± 7.89ha( n=5 ). The females’ average total home rang was11.57 ± 3.3ha( n=4 ), and the average core area was3.05 ± 1.07ha( n=4 ). The males’ home ranges were larger than those of the female. The males’ average 24h home range was 5.23 ± 2.83ha( n=5 ), and those of the female was1.74 ± 1.29ha( n=4 ). There was no significant difference between the gender. This study suggested males shifted the 24h home range in their total home range periodically.
The total home range of male and female were overlapped, but the 24h home range between sex were less overlapped. This study indicated domestic cats would share the resource, but they avoided encountering each other. The most important factor influencing on home range size was sex.
The domestic cats were active all day, and there were two peaks at twilight. They showed stable activity at night, and also had a greater activity by day that was influenced by human. The study indicated domestic cats spent most of their time staying in human activity area, but sometimes stayed at secondary forest. In the rural area with development, habitat may be patchy, and the domestic cats would go deep into secondary forest easier.

並列關鍵字

pet ； radio-tracking ； rural area ； habitat fragmentation

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