- 學位論文
益生菌Bacillus subtilis E20和Lactobacillus plantarum 7-40對擬穴青蟹免疫和抗病力影響
Effects of probiotic, Bacillus subtilis E20 and Lactobacillus plantarum 7-40 on the immunity and disease resistance of green mud carb, Scylla paramamosain
摘要
本實驗分兩部分，即探討餵食益生菌Bacillus subtilis E20或Lactobacillus plantarum 7-40 (單一和混合添加)對擬穴青蟹 (Scylla paramamosain)成長、免疫及抗病能力之影響，和評估不同濃度B. subtilis E20對擬穴青蟹的成長、免疫和抗病能力之影響。第一部分試驗，使用未添加益生菌 (控制組)或添加109 cfu kg-1 L. plantarum 7-40 (D7-40)、109 cfu kg-1 B. subtilis E20 (D20)或109 cfu kg-1 L. plantarum 7-40與109 cfu kg-1 B. subtilis E20混合的飼料 (DM)餵養擬穴青蟹28天。在成長方面，所有益生菌組和控制組並無顯著性差異。餵食益生菌組的擬穴青蟹在總血球數 (THC)、麩胱苷肽過氧化酶 (GPx)、超氧歧化酶 (SOD)及呼吸爆 (RB)與控制組並無顯著性差異。餵食單一菌種益生菌在吞噬能力 (PA)和酚氧化酶活性 (PO)顯著性高於控制組和DM組。此外，擬穴青蟹在餵食D20飼料後有最高的PA和PO活性。在攻擊測試，注射弧菌 (Vibrio parahaemolyticus)96小時後，D20組在存活率方面顯著性高於其他組。第二部分試驗，使用不含益生菌 (控制組)或添加不同濃度B. subtilis E20包括108, 109及1010 cfu kg-1飼料餵養擬穴青蟹28天，評估對成長、免疫及抗病能力之影響。結果顯示益生菌組在成長、THC、GPx、SOD和RB方面與控制組並無差異。然而，使用濃度1010 cfu kg-1 B. subtilis E20組餵養的擬穴青蟹在PA和PO活性上有顯著性增加。在攻擊試驗方面，經注射弧菌 (V. parahaemolyticus)後，有添加B. subtilis E20的組別 (109和1010 cfu kg-1 )在存活率上顯著性高於控制組和其他組別。本研究結果證實餵食益生菌B. subtilis E20其最適劑量為1010 cfu kg-1，可改善擬穴青蟹免疫反應和抗病能力。
並列摘要
In this study, two trials viz. the effects of probiotic, Bacillus subtilis E20 and Lactobacillus plantarum 7-40 (single or combiated) on the growth performance, immune response and disease resistance of green mud carb, Scylla paramamosain by oral administration, and the evaluation of different concentration of B. subtilis E20 affect the growth performance, immune response and disease resistance of green mud carb were studied. In the first trial, carb was fed individually the control diet (without probiotic), or diet supplemented with 109 cfu kg-1 L. plantarum 7-40 (D7-40), 109 cfu kg-1 B. subtilis E20 (D20), or with 109 cfu kg-1 L. plantarum 7-40 and 109 cfu kg-1 B. subtilis E20 (DM) for 28 days. No significant difference in growth performance was found among the control and probiotic supplemented groups. Crab fed with the control diet and probiotic diets have no significant difference in total haemocyte count (THC), glutahione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and respiratory burst (RB). Phygocytic activity (PA) and phenoloxidase (PO) activity were significantly increase in the group that received the single probiotic diets compared to that of crab fed with control diet or DM. However, the highest PA and PO activity was recorded in the crab fed with D20. In challenged test, the survival rate of the crab fed with D20 was significantly higher than other group at 96 hour post pathogen, Vibrio parahaemolyticus injection. In the second trial, growth performance, immune response and disease resistance of crab fed with control diet (no probiotic), and the diets containing B. subtilis E20 at the concentration of 108, 109, 1010 cfu kg-1, respectively for 28 days was evaluated. Results showed that no difference in growth performance, THC, GPx, SOD and RB was found among the control and probiotic treatments. However, crab fed with a diet containing B. subtilis E20 at a level of 1010 cfu kg-1 had significantly increased PA and PO activity. In challenged test, the survival rate of crab fed with B. subtilis E20 supplied diet (109 and 1010 cfu kg-1 diet) were significantly higher than that of crab in the control and other group after being challenged with V. parahaemolyticus. To sum up, a diet containing the probiotic, B. subtilis E20 at a level of 1010 cfu kg-1 is recommended for green mud crab rearing to improve its immune response and disease resistance.