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  • 學位論文

電動車電能回充煞車之研究

Study of Regenerative Braking for Electric Vehicle

指導教授 : 曾全佑 余致賢

摘要


微型電動車由於成本考量,並未裝置動力輔助煞車系統,因此於陡坡下坡行駛時,常有煞車力不足之問題。本研究針對一種雙馬達動力源的純電動車,提出一種電能回充輔助煞車控制策略,在連續陡坡下坡行駛時,配合自動變速箱降檔控制,提供適當的輔助煞車力,以提升整車的煞車性能,並於控制過程中維持整車減速度的平順性。 本研究之實驗電動車,利用兩顆2kW直流無刷馬達(Brushless Direct Current Motor, BLDC)作為動力來源,搭載一組無離合器式的自動手排變速箱(Clutchless Automated Manual Transmission, CLAMT),其中一顆馬達配有一個三個檔位的自動手排變速箱機構,另一顆馬達為固定齒比,可同時將動力傳遞於差速器至輪胎動力輸出,所以在執行換檔時另一顆馬達能可以持續提供動力。 研究中首先分析整車煞車性能需求,然後提出控制策略,並將策略撰寫於單晶片控制器中,於實際車輛上進行道路驗證。實際測試的結果顯示,透過本研究的設計方法使得駕駛者可在不同的坡度道路煞車皆能滿足操控所需的煞車減速度,並且維持煞車過程中,減速度之平順性。

並列摘要


This thesis is aimed at regenerative braking strategy design for a micro electric vehicle (EV) equipped with two Kilo-watt brushless direct current motors (BLDC) and a three-gears clutch-less automatic manual transmission (CLAMT) developed by NPUST. The purposes are to enhance the braking performance of the EV for driving down a steep downgrade.   The study was proceeded by firstly analyzing braking effort requirement of the EV. Then the strategies of regenerative braking effort control and the associated gear shift control were designed. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy was verified through a series of road tests. The experimental results indicate that the proposed strategy could increase total braking effort of the EV while remaining driving smoothness.

參考文獻


[4] Ying-Shing Shiao, Ding-Tsair Su, Ren-Jie Huang, August 2002, “Design and Implementation of a Regenerative Braking Controller for Battery Powered Motorcycles”,IEEE AESS System Magazine, pp 16-21.
[7] 周宏霖,2008,「電動車之新型電子煞車暨能量回收方法」,國立中央大學動力電機工程研究所碩士論文。
[8] 林建亨,2005,「電子式剎車系統在電動車之運用」,國立台北科技大學車輛工程研究所碩士論文。
[9] 陳鉉仁,2005,「再生煞車之設計分析」,國立台北科技大學車輛工程研究所碩士論文,台北。
[10] Hoon Yeo, Donghyun Kim, Sungho Hwang, Hyunsoo Kim , ‎2004 ,“Regenerative Braking Algorithm for a HEV with CVT Ratio Control During Deceleration”.

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