吸附用炭紙之研製及其應用於水果保鮮之研究

Manufacturing of Charcoal Adsorptive Paper and Its Application on Maintaining the Freshness of Fruits

賴亞俊(Ya-Chun Lai)

指導教授 ： 林曉洪

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/木材科學與設計系所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2014.00254

摘要

本研究在於探討以吸附用炭紙進行香蕉及木瓜之保鮮。首先以紙漿纖維為載體，分別以三種炭材(孟宗竹活性碳、孟宗竹炭及市售椰殼活性碳)依兩種不同粒徑(100~140 mesh及140~325 mesh)及兩種基重(200 g/m2及400 g/m2)混合，進行吸附用炭紙研製，其次進行香蕉及木瓜之保鮮試驗，以評估此等吸附紙對水果保鮮之效應，期能作為未來國內農產品之應用參考。三種炭材之多分子層等溫吸附(Adsorption of gases in multimolecular layers；BET)比表面積分別為孟宗竹炭1.18 m2/g、孟宗竹活性碳541.26 m2/g及椰殼活性碳897.72 m2/g。紙力試驗結果呈現：吸附用炭紙相較於對照組(無炭粉添加)，200 g/m2之抗張指數及破裂指數，分別僅為對照組的24~26% 及33~38%；400g/m2之抗張指數及破裂指數，分別只有對照組的45~48%及33~39%。催熟5天後之香蕉以孟宗竹活性碳不同用量對乙烯氣體吸附濃度變化之試驗結果顯示，隨著碳量增加，呼吸缸內的乙烯濃度會隨之降低。可知，孟宗竹活性碳已發揮吸附之效果。催熟5天後之香蕉以三種炭材、兩種粒徑及兩種基重所抄製之吸附用炭紙進行乙烯氣體吸附試驗，其吸附效果為孟宗竹炭＞孟宗竹活性碳＞市售椰殼活性碳。在水果保鮮試驗中，以基重400 g/m2、炭粉添加量50%、三種炭材及兩種粒徑抄製成吸附用炭紙，使用已催熟5天及未催熟之香蕉，進行冷藏及常溫保鮮之色澤變化觀察試驗，並依香蕉顏色變化指數進行判定，其保鮮效果依不同炭種比較顯示，孟宗竹炭≧孟宗竹活性碳＞市售椰殼活性碳。在催熟庫中進行催熟，並以吸附用炭紙做為包覆材觀察其顏色變化，其吸附效果與乙烯氣體吸附試驗相同。至於木瓜色澤變化觀察試驗中，以孟宗竹炭、100~140 mesh所抄製之吸附用炭紙效果最佳。總體而言，在所有乙烯氣體吸附試驗中，以孟宗竹炭、炭粉添加量50%、粒徑100~140 mesh、基重400 g/m2所抄製之吸附用炭紙吸附效果最佳。

關鍵字

竹炭 ； 竹活性碳 ； 椰殼活性碳 ； 保鮮 ； 吸附用炭紙

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to investigate the manufacturing of charcoal adsorptive paper and its application on maintaining the freshness of bananas and papaya. First conducted in pulp fibers as a carrier, with three carbon materials (activated carbon from Moso bamboo, Moso bamboo charcoal and commercially available activated carbon from coconut shell) using two different particle sizes (100~140 mesh and 140~325 mesh) and two paper basis weights (200 g/m2 and 400 g/m2). Then, a series of tests maintaining the freshness for two fruits were performed to assess the effect of these adsorptive paper maintaining on the freshness of fruits, which might be applied to the agricultural products applications in the future.
Three BET specific surface area of the carbon materials are Moso bamboo charcoal 1.18 m2 / g, Moso bamboo activated carbon 541.26 m2 / g and coconut shell activated carbon 897.72 m2 / g, respectively. Using three carbon materials, the two particle sizes, and the two basis weights to manufacture so~called charcoal adsorptive paper, when compared the test groups with the control group for the physical strength properties, it showed that the tensile index and bursting strength for 200 g/m2 were only 33~38% and 24~26% of control group, respectively, and; 45~48% and 33~39% for 400g/m2 conditions, respectively. The test results using 5~days ripened bananas in a different dosage of Moso bamboo activated carbon adsorption of ethylene gas concentration changes showed with increasing the carbon content the concentration of ethylene breathing cylinder would be reduced. Said Moso bamboo charcoal has an adsorbed effect. The effect of the three adsorptive paper of showed the Moso bamboo carbon > Moso bamboo activated carbon > commercially coconut shell activated carbon.In the maintaining of fressness test of fruits, using basis weight 400 g/m2, 50% of the amount of carbon added, three carbon material and two particle size made of charcoal adsorptive paper, use after the five days of ripening and ripening of bananas is not conducted refrigerated and room temperature preservation of color changes observed test and banana color changes according to the index to determine, depending on their preservation effect of carbon species comparison shows Moso bamboo charcoal ≧ Moso bamboo activated carbon> commercially coconut shell activated carbon. Ripening in the chamber for ripening, and charcoal adsorptive paper as the covering layer adsorption observe the papaya color change, the adsorption effect identical with ethylene gas adsorption experiment. As papaya color changes observed tests, the conditions of the Moso bamboo charcoal,100~140 mesh made of carbon adsorption paper is the best. Overall, all of the ethylene gas adsorption tests to Moso charcoal, amount of 50%, particle size 100~140 mesh, and 400 g/m2 basis weight of the manufacturing conditions for adsorptive carbon paper is the best.

並列關鍵字

Bamboo charcoal ； Coconut shell activated carbon ； Moso bamboo activated carbon ； Maintaining of freshness ； Carbon adsorptive paper

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