武洛溪流域水環境滿意度分析之研究

武洛溪為高屏溪下游的支流，主要流域分布於屏東縣西北部地區，為該地區民生用水之主要來源，自2000年政府實施離牧政策以來，迫使部分原本聚居於高屏溪上游的養殖業者輾轉遷徙至武洛溪沿岸另起爐灶，但也因此將污水轉而排入武洛溪中，造成其水質受到嚴重污染。若欲改善武洛溪流域的環境品質，瞭解在地居民對流域水環境的實際感受和改善期待是不可或缺的重要因素之一。本研究收集近五年(2013-2017年)武洛溪九如橋測站之水質資料，由河川污染指數(RPI)顯示，河川水質大約介於中度至嚴重污染。接著建立問卷調查的四個構面(包括:水質清淨程度、生態環境保育、水岸環境活化、民間投入參與)，以問卷調查的方式收集樣本數據，再將回收的樣本數據，以敘述性統計、T檢定和單因子變異數分析(ANOVA)的方式進行量化分析，由結果可得知民眾不同的社經背景屬性(性別、婚姻狀況、年齡、教育程度、職業類別)對應各構面均有顯著之問項，例如:背景屬性的年齡及職業類別在問項「溪水散發臭味」顯示顯著(二者之P值皆為0.000，P值小於0.05為顯著)。事後檢定同時顯示高齡族群及從事農林漁牧業的民眾對於臭味感受度較顯著，由此可知長期生活於此的高齡族群及直接汲取溪水從業的農林漁牧業民眾對溪水的品質不甚滿意。由上述可以瞭解當地民眾對武洛溪流域水環境的感受及對水質改善的期望。本研究結果可提供河川流域管理單位對畜牧廢水排放造成河川水質污染管理之參考。

關鍵字

武洛溪；河川污染指數；問卷調查；量化分析；流域管理

並列摘要

Wuluo River is a tributary that flows into Kaoping River. The main watersheds are located in the northwestern part of Pingtung County, and regarded as main source of water for the local people in the region. The Policy of Downsizing Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation was implemented by the government in the year of 2000 have caused some aquaculture farmers to migrate from Kaoping river to Wuluo River to settle down and start anew. Farmers who have settled down in the Wuluo River caused the sewage to be discharged into the Wuluo River, causing a serious pollution and affecting its water quality. Understanding the feelings as well as the expectations for improvements of local residents one of the essential factors to improve the environmental quality of the Wuluo River Basin. This study has a collection of water quality data from the Jiuru Bridge Water Station in Wuluo River in the past five years (from 2013 to 2017). Based on the water quality data, the river pollution index (RPI) showed that the river water quality has reached moderate to severe pollution. Four dimensions (including water purification, ecological environment conservation, waterfront environmental activation and private participation) of the questionnaire were established due to the undesirable RPI results. Sample data was collected after distribution of questionnaire and it will be used for quantitative analysis. Descriptive statistics, Independent Sample T test and ANOVA are the three methodologies used in this study to conduct quantitative analysis after collection of sample data. From the results of quantitative analysis, residents with different socioeconomic backgrounds (gender, marital status, age, education level, occupational category) can be understood. Residents with different socioeconomic backgrounds have this issue of significant differences in the four dimensions of the questionnaire, such as the age of the background attribute and the occupation, are significant in "unpleasant odor of valley" (both P values are 0.000, P values less than 0.05 are significant).The Posteriori Test showed that the elderly and the people engaged in primary industrial are more pronounced to the feeling of foul odor. From this, it was known that the residents who lived here for a long time including elderly, agriculture, forestry, fishery and animal husbandry are unsatisfied with the quality of the stream.From the test above, we can understand the local residents' feelings about the water environment and their expectations for improving the water environment in Wuluoxi Valley. The results of this study can provide a reference for river basin management units to manage river water pollution caused by livestock wastewater discharge.

並列關鍵字

Wuluo River ； River Pollution Index ； Questionnaire ； Quantitative Analysis ； Watershed Management

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