建立豬生殖與呼吸道綜合症病毒攻毒模式

Challenge model for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

鄭郁涵(JHENG YU-HAN)

指導教授 ： 鍾文彬

國立屏東科技大學/獸醫學院/獸醫學系所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/THE.NPUST.VM.004.2018.D07

摘要

豬生殖與呼吸道綜合症（Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome , PRRS）是一種具高度傳染性與經濟破壞性的豬隻疾病，台灣於1991年出現首例，造成養豬業重大經濟損失。過去有許多自然感染及人工接種試驗皆證實PRRSV具有持續性感染的情形，至今已成為多數豬場豬隻死亡淘汰的首要疾病。本實驗目的在建立PRRSV接種模式，作為未來研究致病機制及疫苗研發相關試驗之用。在先導試驗中，將豬場分離之病毒株YMX5進行動物接種試驗，發現有黴漿菌污染之情形。因此，將原先野外採得的病材進行豬隻接種試驗後分離血清，並應用豬肺泡巨噬細胞進行病毒培養，成功分離出無黴漿菌污染的PRRS病毒株YMX5-1、YMX5-2及YMX5-3。以YMX5-1病毒株再進行豬隻接種試驗，於接種後第11天進行剖檢，評估肉眼與組織病理學病變，結果顯示YMX5-1可造成豬隻明顯的典型PRRS臨床症狀及病變。應用此接種模式進行PRRSV次單位疫苗之免疫功效試驗，結果發現，對照組及疫苗組豬隻皆顯現典型的PRRS臨床症狀與病變，並可從血清及組織再分離出高濃度PRRSV，兩組間無顯著 (P>0.1) 差異，此顯示施打本疫苗無法對豬隻產生有效保護力。以上結果顯示，本研究已成功建立典型且具再現性的PRRSV接種模式，未來可應用於疫苗開發及相關研究之用。
關鍵字：豬生殖與呼吸綜合症、豬生殖與呼吸綜合症病毒、攻毒模式

關鍵字

豬生殖與呼吸綜合症 ； 豬生殖與呼吸道綜合症病毒 ； 攻毒模式

並列摘要

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is categorized as one of the highly contagious and economically damaging swine diseases. In year 1991, the first reported outbreak emerged and caused heavy economic losses among the swine farms in Taiwan. Pigs naturally infected or experimentally challenged with PRRS virus (PRRSV) have been shown the characteristics of persistent infection. This disease became the major cause of death and culling of pigs in swine industry. The purpose of this experiment is to establish a PRRSV challenge model in pigs. In the pilot animal challenge test, the PRRSV inoculum strain YMX5 was found to be contaminated with Mycoplasma. Therefore, by challenging pigs with specimens collected from original sick pigs in the field, we successfully re-isolated Mycoplasma free PRRSV strains YMX5-1, YMX5-2 and YMX5-3 from the sera of inoculated pigs using porcine alveolar macrophages. The PRRSV strain YMX5-1 was then selected as the inoculum for further study. Pigs inoculated with YMX5-1 showed obvious and typical clinical signs and pathological changes of PRRSV infection. The protective efficacy of a PRRSV subunit vaccine was then evaluated using the above established challenge model in pigs. Results showed that PRRSV YMX5-1 inoculation resulted in the induction of typical clinical signs and pathological changes of PRRS, and high PRRSV concentrations in serum and tissues in pigs in both control and vaccine groups. There was no significant difference (P>0.1) between the two groups. The results indicate that the vaccine cannot effectively protect pigs from PRRSV infection. The above results showed that this study has successfully established a typical and reproducible PRRSV challenge model. The model can be applied to the development of vaccine and related researches

Keywords: porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, virus, challenge model

並列關鍵字

porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome ； porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ； challenge model

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