碳黑焙燒過程對類戴奧辛化合物生成之效應

The Formation Effects on Dioxin-like Compounds During Carbon Black Torrefaction

陳家萱(Chen Chia-Hsuan)

指導教授 ： 林傑

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/THE.NPUST.ESE.025.2018.E02

摘要

廢輪胎熱裂解技術應用於材料上的回收有著相當良好的成效。裂解所產生的液態、氣態產物有著豐富的熱值，而固態產物：碳黑，有著包含超過80 %元素碳，擁有高表面積而被稱為裂解碳黑，該類碳黑可作為橡膠的補強劑。本研究為探討碳黑經由裂解、焙燒等程序，不同溫度對於類戴奧辛化合物排放之影響。以實驗室熱處理反應系統進行模擬裂解碳黑熱處理成活性碳之環境。結果顯示未經熱處理之裂解碳黑，PCDD/Fs濃度995.961 pg/g、Dioxin - like PCBs濃度為2168.670 pg/g，顯示在熱處理前含有類戴奧辛化合物。而將裂解碳黑經熱處理後、樣品經萃取及濃縮淨化等步驟後以高層析氣相色譜儀/低層析質譜儀分析，氣相PCDD/Fs 濃度介於19.795 ng/m3 ~ 27.095 ng/m3、PCBs 濃度介於11.191 ng/m3 ~ 13.187 ng/ m3；殘餘相PCDD/Fs 濃度介於556.023 pg/g ~ 2419.223 pg/g、Dioxin - like PCBs濃度介於959.683 pg/g ~ 1419.678 pg/g。結果顯示，碳黑經熱處理後，會造成類戴奧辛化合物的衍生；在氣相和殘餘相的物種貢獻占比亦不同。

關鍵字

碳黑 ； 焙燒 ； 熱裂解 ； 類戴奧辛化合物

並列摘要

The waste tire thermal cracking technology is applied to the recycling of materials and has quite good results. The liquid and gaseous products produced by the pyrolysis process have a rich calorific value, while the solid product, carbon black, contains more than 80% elemental carbon, and has a high surface area and is called cracked carbon black, this type of carbon black carbon black can be used as a reinforcing agent for rubber. This study explored the effects of different temperatures on the emission of Dioxin-like compounds after carbon black via pyrolysis and torrefaction. Using thermal treatment in the laboratory experiment to simulate environment of the thermal carbon into the activated carbon. The results show that carbon black without the thermal treatment, PCDD/Fs concentration of 995.961 pg/g, Dioxin-like PCBs concentration of 2168.670 pg/g, containing Dioxin-like compounds prior to heat treatment. The pyrolysis carbon black was subjected to heat treatment, the sample is subjected to extraction, concentration and purification, and then analyzed by HRGC/LRMS. And the carbon black after thermal treatment of the above conditions, PCDD/Fs concentrations of gas phase between 19.795 and 27.095 ng/m3, Dioxin-like PCBs concentrations between 11.191 and 13.187 ng/m3. PCDD/Fs concentration of residual phase between 556.023 pg/g and 2419.223 pg/g, concentrations of Dioxin-like PCBs between 959.683 and 1419.678 pg/g. The results show that carbon black after thermal treatment can cause Dioxin-like compounds are derivative. The proportion of species contribution in the gas phase and the residual phase is also different.

並列關鍵字

Carbon black ； Torrefaction ； Pyrolysis ； Dioxin-like compounds

參考文獻

Adrian. M., Cunliffe, Paul T. Williams., 2007, “Desorption of PCDD/PCDF from municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash under post-combustion plant conditions ”,Chemosphere ,Vol. 68, pp. 1723–1732

Adrian. M., Cunliffe, Paul T. Williams., 2009, “De-novo formation of dioxins and furans and the memory effect in waste incineration flue gases”, Waste Management, Vol. 29, pp. 739-748.

Augustine Quek and Rajasekhar Balasubramanian,2013, “Liquefaction of waste tires by pyrolysis for oil and chemicals—A review”, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, Vol.101,pp.1-16.

Babushok, V. I. and Tsang, W., 2003, “Gas-Phase Mechanism for Dioxin Formation”,Chemosphere, Vol. 51, pp 1023-1029.

B.R. Stanmore, 2004, “The formation of dioxins in combustion systems”, Combustion and Flame, Vol. 136, pp. 398-427.