- 學位論文
牛糞堆肥性狀受添加稻殼/米糠與木黴菌影響之研究
Cow dung compositing as affected by addictions of rice husk /bran ratios and Trichoderma
摘要
本研究主要以牛糞為堆肥主體，混合稻殼、米糠、木黴菌TCT301菌液進行堆肥化探討，依據菌種添加、稻殼的粉碎、與添加稻殼比例分別設計A、B、C與D組，。觀察不同組別堆肥過程中其分解溫度、pH值、有機質、全氮含量等性質變化，同時檢測纖維質各成分的變化情形，並以堆肥還原糖含量做對照，最後由發芽率、C/N與重金屬來判斷堆肥腐熟度及對植物影響。 在溫度、含水率、pH 、C/N 及發芽率的變化結果顯示中，四組堆肥在初期最高溫皆達到了50 ℃以上，但以D組稻殼量最多者溫度上升至最高56 ℃，A與B組比較起來，添加木黴菌組溫度下降趨勢會較快，但其0~5天時碳氮比下降得比未添加木黴菌A組來的快，在堆肥過程中pH值變化方面，添加木黴菌B、C、D組在堆肥20天之後有逐漸酸化之現象，但在還原糖試驗的中卻顯示其糖類含量數值有逐漸累積攀升之趨勢，跟木黴菌纖維素分解酶糖解作用有相關。在C/N比方面A、B、C組堆肥完後已接近堆肥C/N標準，而D組則因含稻殼量較多C/N較高。 在植物試驗中，本研究將各組堆肥與栽培介質依30%、20%以及12.5%做混和，發現各組堆肥中以20%組中葉菜類生長情況最好，但是在試驗中木黴菌組B、C、D組相較於對照組A組收穫量並沒有明顯提高。 關鍵字：牛糞、稻殼、木黴菌、纖維素
並列摘要
In this study, cow manure was used as the main body of composting, and the composting of rice husk, rice bran and Trichoderma TCT301 was carried out. Groups A, B, C and D were designed according to the addition of changes, the crushing of rice husks and the ratio of added rice husks. The changes of decomposition temperature, pH value, organic matter and total nitrogen content in different composting processes were observed, and the changes of various components of cellulosic materials were detected. The composting reducing sugar content was used as a control, and finally the germination rate and C/N. Use heavy metals to judge compost maturity and its effects on plants. In the results of changes in temperature, water content, pH, C/N and germination rate, the four groups of composts all reached 50 °C at the highest temperature in the initial stage, but the temperature of the D group was the highest, reaching a maximum of 56 °C. Compared with groupA and B, the temperature of the added Trichoderma group will decrease rapidly, but the ratio of carbon to nitrogen in 0~5 days is lower than that in the group without added Trichoderma. According to the addition of Trichoderma of groups B, C, and D, the pH value changes during composting. gradually acidified after 20 days of composting, but in the reducing sugar test, it showed that the value of sugar content gradually increased, and the glycolytic effect was related to Trichoderma cellulolytic enzyme. In the C/N ratio, the composting C/N standard is close to the composting in Groups A, B and C, while the C/N in the D group is higher due to the larger rice husk content. In the plant test, the composting and cultivation medium of each group were mixed according to 30%, 20% and 12.5%. It was found that the growth of the leafy vegetables in the 20% group was the best in each group of compost. But there was no significant increase in the yields of Trichoderma group B , C and D groups compared with the control group A in the experiment. Keywords: cow dung, rice husk, trichoderma, cellulose