不同光譜對異地養殖紫羽軟珊瑚 (Pachyclavularia violacea) 之成長、共生藻密度二次代謝物與受緊迫恢復能力之影響

Effects of different light spectrum on the growth, zooxanthellae density, secondary metabolites and stress recovery abilities of ex situ aquaculture soft coral (Pachyclavularia violacea)

林廷宇(Ting-Yu Lin)

指導教授 ： 曾美珍

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/水產養殖系所/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202000429

摘要

珊瑚除了作為水族觀賞之外，還具有海洋生態保護和海洋醫藥的潛力。自全球環境變化以來，導致大量珊瑚減少，這增強了人們對環境保護的意識。而開發珊瑚的異地養殖以及優化其培養條件被認為是有效的解決方法。在海洋醫藥開發上，建立海洋天然物生成的標準流程，可以透過人為調控培養環境的珊瑚異地養殖進行。光是影響珊瑚異地養殖的關鍵因素之一，光譜對珊瑚的異地養殖成效有著相當大的影響。對軟珊瑚的相關研究很少。本研究以白紅藍綠四種LED (Light-emitting diode) 發光二極管作為實驗光源，透過珊瑚異地養殖模式進行培養。並選擇紫羽軟珊瑚 (Pachyclavularia violacea) 為實驗物種。目的為探討光譜的差異對於紫羽軟珊瑚異地養殖活存率、成長、重量、共生藻密度，以及化合物成分與含量之影響。另外，也分析不同光譜對紫羽軟珊瑚子株受切割及高水溫兩種緊迫後恢復能力之影響。結果顯示藍光對於珊瑚異地養殖之活存率 (100%)、成長 (72 ± 2.64 polyps increased)、重量 (3.6 ± 0.1 g) 以及共生藻密度 (2.39 ± 0.15 × 106 cell/g) 皆有顯著影響。而受緊迫後恢復能力之成效如新生成共肉組織的天數 (18.3 ± 2.51 days)，及經過14天恢復期後之活存率 (90%) 和共生藻密度恢復能力 (1.22 × 106 cell/g) 也以藍光照射之下最佳。也代表紫羽軟珊瑚適用於單一LED藍光培養之珊瑚異地養殖模式，不同光譜培養之下會影響二次代謝物的成分及含量，總含量以白光培養 (38.76%) 略優於藍光培養 (31.54%)。但藍光組別檢測出高於白光組別之二萜類Thunbergol及固醇類Campesterol。本研究發現藍光為最佳的培養光譜，訂定一套紫羽軟珊瑚培養流程及條件，有助於建立人為培養珊瑚作為海洋醫藥的可行性、珊瑚保種復育、市場供應的可能性。

關鍵字

二萜類Thunbergol ； 光譜 ； 固醇類Campesterol ； 海洋醫藥化合物

並列摘要

In addition to be used as an ornamental purpose, corals also have the potential in marine ecological conservation and marine medicine. Since the global en-vironment change, causing significant coral population decline, that increases the awareness of environmental protection. The development of ex situ cul-ture of corals and the optimization of their cultivation conditions are consid-ered effective solutions. In the field of marine medicine cultivation, the es-tablishment of a standard process for the generation of marine natural prod-ucts can also be carried out through ex situ coral culture by artificially control the culture environment. Light is one of the key factors that affects the results of ex situ coral culture. In recent years, studies have also shown that the quality of the spectrum has a considerable effect on the ex situ culture of coral, but only few focused on soft coral. This study used four LED light (white, red, blue, and green) as experimental light sources, and culture soft coral (Pachy-clavularia violacea) through the ex situ culture mode. Our purpose was to explore the effect of four different spectrums on ex situ culture of P. violacea (eg. survival ratio, growth, weight, zooxanthellae density), as well as com-position of secondary metabolites. In addition, the experiment also analyzed the effect of different spectrums on the recovery ability of P. violacea after cutting and heat stresses. The results showed the survival ratio (100% healthy), growth (72 ± 2.64 polyps increased), weight (3.6 ± 0.1 g) and zooxanthellae density (2.39 ± 0.15 × 106 cell/g) were positive relative to blue light. The best recovery abilities after being stressed were as follows: new growth coe-nenchyme (18.3 ± 2.51 days), survival ratio (90% healthy) and zooxanthellae density recovery ability (1.22 × 106 cell/g) by blue light experiment. It suggests that the optimization of culture soft coral is using LED blue light on ex situ culture mode. In terms of the chemical composition, the cultivation of different spectra can affect the composition and content of secondary metab-olites. Judging by the total content, white light culture (38.76%) is slightly better than that of blue light culture (31.54%). More steroid campesterol and diterpene thunbergol were detected in the blue light group than in the white light group. In conclusion, we believe that it is necessary to establish a set of exclusive cultivation procedures and conditions for corals or different target compounds for coral restoration and marine bioactive compounds production. This study would advance the coral's conservation, restoration, commercial market, and pharmaceutical applications.

並列關鍵字

campesterol ； ex situ coral culture ； LED spectrum ； marine pharmaceutical compounds ； thunbergol

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