以全尺寸試體探討樓板表面材對重量衝擊源樓板衝擊音隔音影響之研究

國內多樓層之集合式住宅為常見的居住形式，也因人口密集而衍生出種種環境問題，而噪音便是其中須因應之課題，其中包括樓板衝擊音，本研究以面積10 m2以上之全尺寸標準試體設計實驗變因，於屏東科技大學聲學實驗室分別使用標準輕量衝擊源及重量衝擊源於15公分之鋼筋混凝土基準樓板進行量測，探討輕量與重量衝擊源之特性及評估方法，以及不同樓板表面材對輕/重量衝擊音之影響與相關性，結果顯示輕量與重量衝擊源於重質基準樓板量測之衝擊音聲壓位準相關性低，大致隨頻率升高成相反趨勢，而橡膠球與輪胎兩種重量衝擊源在1/3倍頻帶50~3150 Hz相關性判定係數R2 達0.9281，相關性高，本研究實驗中不同樓板表面材對輕量衝擊源衝擊音均有改善效果，而對於重量衝擊源，無加設緩衝材之平舖或架高木地板，衝擊音呈現不降反增的現象，架高木地板使用緩衝材後則能較明顯改善200 Hz以上之衝擊音，有加設緩衝材之濕式樓板表面材也呈現相似量測結果。

關鍵字

樓板衝擊音；重量衝擊源；架高木地板

並列摘要

The multi-stories buildings are the common residence in Taiwan. This dwelling form causes various environmental problems due to the dense population. Noise pollution is one of the issues that must be dealt with, including floor impact sound. In this study, the full-size specimens with test area 10 m2 were installed on the thickness 150 mm heavyweight reference floor using standard tapping machine and heavyweight impact source measured in acoustic laboratory at NPUST. The evaluating methods of lightweight and heavyweight impact sources as well as the characteristic of impact sound excited by two types of impact sources on different floor covering specimens were investigated. The results show that the correlation between lightweight and heavyweight impact sources measured on the heavyweight reference floor is low. However, the coefficient R2 value is 0.92 of two heavyweight impact sources in the 1/3 octave band 50~3150 Hz which correlation is relatively high. All of different floor coverings under the test improved the impact sound insulation performance of the floor to the impact sound excited by the tapping machine. For the heavyweight impact source, impact sound insulation can’t be improved by installed wooden floor coverings including wooden floor and wood framing floor unless utilizing resilient materials in floor coverings. The reduction of impact sound above 200 Hz can be significantly improved after placed resilient materials under wood framing floor. The similar result showed in cement mortar floating floor specimen.