發電機引擎使用添加廢食用油生質柴油排氣PM2.5上多環芳香烴化合物及金屬特性

Characteristics of fine particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals from a diesel engine generator fueled with waste cooking oil-based biodiesel blends

薛丞凱(Hsueh Cheng-Kai)

指導教授 ： 陳瑞仁

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST201900254

摘要

為瞭解柴油引擎排氣細微粒 (diesel engine fine particulate matter，簡稱DEPM2.5) 污染物特性，本研究於柴油引擎發電機1.5 kW及3.0 kW負載下使用純石化柴油 (fossil diesel，以D100表示) 中添加廢食用油轉製之生質柴油 (waste cooking oil-based biodiesels，即WCO-based biodiesel blends，以W表示) 20%及40%[(即D80W20)以W20表示，(D60W40)以W40表示]時探討其排氣PM2.5及PM2.5上多環芳香烴碳氫化合物(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons，簡稱PAHs)與金屬特性。研究結果顯示：與低負載(1.5 kW)相較，較高負載(3.0 kW)下發電機引擎單位時間耗油量(fuel consumption，簡稱 FC)較高，致其排氣PM2.5及PM2.5上Total-PAHs、Total-BaPeq與金屬濃度均增加。與D100相較，兩負載下發電機引擎排氣PM2.5及PM2.5上Total-PAHs與Total-BaPeq濃度均以W20之減量較多，排氣PM2.5上Total-BaPeq濃度之減量主要是由HMW-BaPeq之減量所貢獻；而排氣PM2.5上 ΣMetals 濃度則以W40之減量較多；油品中含量較高之金屬其排氣PM2.5上該金屬佔之比例亦高，顯示排氣PM2.5上金屬與油品組成有關。與D100相較，兩負載下發電機引擎使用W20及W40時其FC及比耗油率(brake specific fuel consumption，簡稱BSFC)雖均有稍微增加(FC：2.8%；BSFC：3.2%)；使用生質柴油(W20及W40)時可有效降低DEEs中PM2.5上Total-PAHs(平均22.8%)、Total-BaPeq(平均35%)及金屬濃度(平均22%)。與D100相較，高負載(3.0 kW)下使用W20及W40時均可降低DEEs中PM2.5及PM2.5上Total-PAHs、Total-BaPeq及金屬之排放係數。顯示WCO-biodesel之添加有助於降低DEPM2.5及其微粒上Total-PAHs、Total-BaPeq及金屬排放。

關鍵字

發電機引擎 ； 廢食用油生質柴油 ； PM2.5 ； PAHs ； 金屬

並列摘要

In order to elucidate the characteristics of fine particulate matter (DEPM2.5) pollutant emitted from a diesel engine, the fossil diesel (D100) and its fuel blends with waste cooking oil-based biodiesel (WCO-based biodiesel blends, W) were tested at both 1.5 and 3.0 kW loads of the diesel engine generator in this study. The tested fuels with 20% and 40% additions of W, were represented by W20 and W40, respectively. The PM2.5 emission and their compositions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and metals were investigated. The PM2.5 and PM2.5-bound total-PAH, total-BaPeq and Σmetals emissions were higher at 3.0 kW engine load (with greater fuel consumption (FC)) than at 1.5 kW. Additionally, using W20 exhibited more reduction on PM2.5 and PM2.5-bound total-PAH, and total-BaPeq than using D100. Specifically, the reductions of total-BaPeq were mainly resulted from the effective inhibition of HMW-BaPeq. On the other hand, the PM2.5-bound Σmetals were mostly decreased by using W40, when the metal emissions and their compositions were found to be strongly affected by the fuel-metal content. Compared with using D100 (FC: +2.8% and BSFC: +3.2%) in both engine loads, although using W20 and W40 increased the FC and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), the emission levels of PM2.5, PM2.5-bound total-PAH (-22.8%), total-BaPeq (-35.0%), and metals (-22.0%) were lower. The emission factors of these pollutants were further reduced in the engine exhaust, especially at the higher load (3.0 kW). The current results indicate that the WCO-biodiesel additives could inhibit the DEPM2.5 and their containing total-PAHs, total-BaPeq, and metals.

並列關鍵字

generator engine ； waste cooking oil-based biodiesel ； PM2.5 ； PAHs ； metals

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