以界面活性劑Tween 80移除受塔底油污染之土壤探討

Remeditation of the soil contaminated by bottom oil with surfactant Tween 80

陳昱安(Chen Yu-An)

指導教授 ： 邱春惠 ； 葉桂君

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST201900366

摘要

重質非水相液體(Dense non-aqueous phase liquids, DNAPLs)洩漏後將造成嚴重的環境問題。它會污染的地下水，且不易被分解，常用界面活性劑淋洗法(surfactant enhanced aquifer remediation , SEAR)進行污染整治，此方法已經相當成熟。依據過去研究Tween 80可以有效的溶解塔底油。因此接續進行土壤批次瓶杯靜置實驗研究不同靜置時間與不同Tween 80濃度移除效率與機制，再進行後續土壤管柱淋洗實驗，進行交替灌注實驗與先前研究最對照，再以相同Tween 80用量進行連續灌注實驗，對照不同灌注對於塔底油移除效率評估。

土壤批次瓶杯靜置實驗顯示，僅有在塔底油污染濃度46933.3 mg/kg的高濃度塔底油污染土壤中，添加Tween 80靜置72小時比起靜置24小時顯著提高19.9%的塔底油移除率。在中、低塔底油污染土濃度13859.1、27750.0 mg/kg中，並無明顯因浸泡時間長短顯示出較佳的塔底油污染移除率。在土壤批次瓶杯靜置實驗中，所有濃度的塔底油污染土壤，2% Tween 80淋洗液都比1% 與0%Tween 80淋洗液有更高的塔底油移除率，但2% Tween 80淋洗液僅稍微比1% Tween 80淋洗液增加少量移除率。土壤管柱淋洗實驗顯示，相同Tween 80使用量下，連續灌注可以洗出較多的塔底油，交替管柱則較少。交替灌注與連續灌注主要移除率都在前6 PV，達總移除率一半以上，建議無須灌注多達18 PV界面活性劑，以節省成本，後續再以其他整治方法進行整治。土壤管柱殘餘塔底油濃度中，觀察到交替灌注淋洗液可以較為平均的帶出污染濃度，連續灌注淋洗液則較不明顯，推論此差異為淋洗液是否與塔底油充分接觸與管注模式無關。

關鍵字

塔底油 ； Tween 80 ； 界面活性劑淋洗 ； 土壤管柱

並列摘要

Dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) leaks and cause serious environmental problems. It pollutes the groundwater and is not easily decomposed. It is commonly used for pollution remediation by surfactant enhanced aquifer remediation (SEAR). This method is quite mature. According to the past research Tween 80 can effectively dissolve the bottom oil. Therefore, the soil batch bottle cup standing experiment was carried out to study the different standing time and the removal efficiency and mechanism of different Tween 80 concentration, and then the subsequent soil column leaching experiment, the alternating perfusion experiment was compared with the previous study, and then the same Tween 80 was used for continuous perfusion experiments, and the efficiency of the bottom oil removal was evaluated against different perfusions.

The soil lotion cup static test showed that only Tween 80 was allowed to stand for 72 hours in the high concentration bottom oil contaminated soil with the bottom oil concentration of 46933.3 mg/kg, which was significantly increased by 19.9% compared with 24 hours after standing. Tower bottom oil removal rate. In the medium and low bottom oil contaminated soil concentration of 13859.1 and 27750.0 mg/kg, there is no obvious removal rate of the bottom oil pollution due to the length of the soaking time. In the soil batch bottle standing experiment, all concentrations of bottom oil contaminated the soil, 2% Tween 80 eluent had a higher bottom oil removal rate than 1% and 0% Tween 80 eluent. However, the 2% Tween 80 eluent only slightly added a small removal rate to the 1% Tween 80 eluent. The soil column leaching experiment showed that under the same Tween 80 usage, continuous perfusion could wash out more bottom oil, and the alternate column was less. The main removal rate of alternating perfusion and continuous perfusion is in the first 6 PV, which is more than half of the total removal rate. It is recommended that no more than 18 PV surfactants need to be infused to save costs, and subsequent remediation by other remediation methods. In the residual oil concentration of the soil column, it is observed that the alternately influent eluent can bring out the pollution concentration evenly, and the continuous infusion eluent is less obvious. It is inferred whether the eluent is in full contact with the bottom oil. It has nothing to do with the tube injection mode.

並列關鍵字

bottom oil ； Tween 80 ； sear ； soil column.

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