河川溶解性與顆粒性有機質(DOM與POM)光學特徵探討

Investigation optical characteristics of dissolved and particulate organic matters(DOM and POM) in river.

陳靖浩(Chen Ching-Hao)

指導教授 ： 陳庭堅

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST201900367

摘要

論文題目:河川溶解性與顆粒性有機質(DOM與POM)光學特徵探討
學號:M10631023 頁數:82
學校名稱:國立屏東科技大學 系所:環境工程與科學系
畢業年月:2019年7月 學位:碩士學位論文
研究生:陳靖浩 指導教授:陳庭堅 博士

台灣人口稠密、環境資源有限，加上生活、畜牧及工業廢水與廢棄物不當排入河川，使得環境水體中受到各種污染。近年來顆粒與溶解性有機質(POM and DOM)逐漸受到關注。
本研究探討武洛溪三個場址，DOM和POM光學特徵，POM與DOM的濾液(< 0.45 μm)利用交錯式濃縮設備分離不同分子量:MW-A(10 kDa-0.45 μm)、MW-B(1 kDa-10 kDa)與MW-C(< 1 kDa)。各種溶液利用紫外光/可見光分光光度計及螢光光譜儀，分析其不同的吸光值與激發/放射矩陣光譜，分別探討POM與DOM 4種溶液光學特徵。
研究結果顯示POM與DOM有機質含量會隨著水體排放來源而有明顯差異。有機碳質量分率顯示DOM主要分布於MW-C(< 1 kDa)，而POM主要分布於MW-A(10 kDa-0.45 μm )。光學指標顯示DOM較POM有更多芳香性(SUVA254)和腐植化程度(HIX)。FI指標顯示DOM主要來源為微生物源，POM為介於微生物與陸域源之間。BIX顯示皆為高比例原生產生的有機質，HIX顯示POM與DOM屬於低腐殖化程度新鮮產生有機質。TRYs/HLs及TRYs/FLs比例顯示DOM較POM有較多的類腐植酸及類黃酸，以MW-A (10 kDa-0.45 μm)數值較高。光學指標顯示DOM受微生物作用增加腐殖化程度。螢光區域積分百分率顯示，DOM之P3與P5分率較POM高，表示DOM的腐植化程度較高。溶解性微生物副產物分率(P4)顯示POM較DOM高。利用光譜分析快速了解溶液DOM與POM光學特徵與差異，顯示光學方法是分析DOM與POM迅速且可行的工具。

關鍵字:有機質、腐植質、顆粒有機質、溶解性有機質、光學指標、分子量

關鍵字

有機質 ； 腐植質 ； 顆粒有機質 ； 溶解性有機質 ； 光學指標 ； 分子量

並列摘要

Student ID: M10631023
Title of Thesis: Thesis:Investigation optical characteristics of dissolved and
particulate organic matters(DOM and POM) in river.
Total Pages: 82
Name of Institute: National Pingtung University of Science and Technology
Name of Department: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
Date of Graduation: July, 2019 Degree Conferred: Master degree
Name of Student: Ching hao Chen Adviser: Dr. Ting-Chien Chen
The Contents of Abstract in this Thesis:

Taiwan is dense population and limited of environmental resources. The improper discharge of domestic, livestock and industrial wastewater into rivers have caused various pollutions in environmental waters. In recent years, particles and dissolved organic matter (POM and DOM) have received increasing attention.
This study explores the optical characteristics of DOM and POM at three sites in WuLuo Creek. The POM and DOM bulk solutions (< 0.45 μm) were separated into three different molecular weights using cross flow ultrafiltration equipment. The solutions were MW-A (10 kDa-0.45 μm), MW-B (1 kDa-10 kDa) and MW-C (< 1 kDa). These solutions were analyzed by UV/Vis spectrophotometer and fluorescence spectrometer to analyze their different absorbance values and excitation/emission spectra, and to examine the optical characteristics of the four solutions of POM and DOM.
The results shown that the organic matter content of POM and DOM will vary significantly with the source of discharge water. The organic carbon mass fraction shown that DOM was mainly distributed in MW-C (< 1 kDa), while POM was mainly distributed in MW-A (10 kDa-0.45 μm). Optical indicators shown that DOM had more aromaticity (SUVA254) and degree of humification (HIX) than POM. The FI indicator shows that the main source of DOM is the microbial source, and the POM is between the microbial and terrestrial sources. BIX shown high proportion of the organic matter was fresh produced. HIX shown that POM and DOM belong to a low degree of humification and freshly produced organic matter. The ratios of TRYs/HLs and TRYs/FLs showed that DOM had more humic acid and fulvic acid than POM, and the value of MW-A (10 kDa-0.45 μm) was higher than MW-B and MW-C. Optical indicators shown that DOM was affected by microbial activity, hence to increase the degree of humification. The percentage of the fluorescent region integration shown that DOM had higher P3 and P5 fractions than POM indicated that the DOM had a higher degree of humification. The fraction of soluble microbial byproducts (P4) shown that the POM was higher than the DOM. Using optical method to analyze POM and DOM can quickly understand the optical characteristics and differences of POM and DOM solutions. Hence, the optical method is a rapid and feasible tool for analyzing DOM and POM.
Keywords: organic matter, DOM, POM, humic substances, optical indicator, molecular weight

並列關鍵字

organic matter ； DOM, POM, humic substances ； optical indicator ； molecular weight

參考文獻

Aftab, B., & Hur, J. (2017). Fast tracking the molecular weight changes of humic substances in coagulation/flocculation processes via fluorescence EEM-PARAFAC. Chemosphere, 178, 317-324.

Baker,A., 2001, "Fluorescence excitation− emission matrix characterization of some sewage-impacted rivers," Environmental science & technology, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 948-953.

Baker, A., 2002, "Fluorescence properties of some farm wastes: implications for water quality monitoring," Water Research, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 189-195.

Battin, T. J., 1998, "Dissolved organic matter and its optical properties in a blackwater tributary of the upper Orinoco river, Venezuela," Organic Geochemistry, Vol. 28, No. 9, pp. 561-569.

Bilal, M., Jaffrezic, A., Dudal, Y., Le Guillou, C., Menasseri, S., and Walter, C., 2010, "Discrimination of farm waste contamination by fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis during a biodegradation study," Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Vol. 58, No. 5, pp. 3093-3100.