灌溉水溶解有機質(DOM)與土壤鹼萃有機質(AEOM)光學特徵、重金屬與放射性核種探討

Investigation the optical characteristics, heavy metals and radioactive nucleus of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in irrigation water and alkaline extracted organic matter (AEOM) from farm soil

徐志綱(Chih-Kang Hsu)

指導教授 ： 陳庭堅 ； 謝連德

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST201900374

摘要

放射性核種與重金屬的污染在社會中逐漸受到重視，當核種的活性與重金屬的濃度過量時，會藉由土壤或水轉移至食用作物與水體，進而危害食品安全與生活品質。研究結果顯示屏東縣車城鄉，井水各金屬濃度皆高於溫泉水，且分子量越小時差異更加明顯。土壤金屬濃度隨著粒徑的越小則濃度越高。考慮分子量與粒徑之間的質量、體積比時，液體金屬濃度大部分集中在小分子量，土壤HS萃取液金屬濃度大部分集中在大分子量，HS萃取液螢光強度大部分集中在大分子量，與其他國家及世界金屬平均濃度比較，與世界均值相當。土壤輻射核種活度大部分集中在大粒徑，隨著粒徑的降低，40K增高、232Th 和226Ra隨之降低，與文獻有相同趨勢。HS萃取液FI螢光指標主要來源為陸地源與微生物源之間。BIX主要來源為生物或微生物新產生出的DOM，HIX顯示低腐殖化DOM屬於低至中度原生動植物來源螢光物種以類黃酸螢光強度為最高。利用螢光光譜儀、紫外光/可見光分光光度計迅速檢測出光譜特性與金屬、輻射核種之間相關性。

關鍵字

放射性核種 ； 重金屬 ； 粒徑濕篩分離 ； 四重溪溫泉 ； 光學指標

並列摘要

The pollution of radioactive nucleus and heavy metals is concern worldwide. When the nuclear species activity and the concentration of heavy metals are excessive, it will be transferred to food crops and water bodies, thereby jeopardizing food safety and quality of life. The results shown that the metal concentration of the water in the rural wells of Dongxian County was higher than that of hot spring water. The difference in low molecular weight had more noticeable. The soil metal concentration increased with the decreased the particle size. Considering the mass and volume ratio between the molecular weight and the particle size, the concentration of the liquid metals were mostly concentrated in the low molecular weight. The concentration of metals in the soil extracted humic substances (HS) were mostly concentrated in the high molecular weight. The fluorescence intensity was mostly concentrated in the high molecular weight. The average concentration of metals were comparable to other countries worldwide. Most of the soil radiation nucleus activity is concentrated in large particle sizes. As the soil particle size decreased, 40K increased, 232Th and 226Ra decreased, which is the same trend as the literature. The indicator of FI demonstrated the source of the HS was between terrestrial and microbial source. The main source of BIX indicator was the new DOM produced by microorganisms. Indicator of HIX shown that DOM was low humification DOM. Fluorescent data shown that the species of fulvic acid had the highest fluorescence intensity. The correlation between spectral characteristics and metals and radiation species was quickly detected by a fluorescence and UV/Vis spectrometer.

並列關鍵字

Radioactive nuclear species ； heavy metals ； particle size wet sieve separation ； Hot spring ； Optical indicators

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