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  • 學位論文

輪椅動力輔助套件之控制策略設計

Controller Design for Wheelchair Power Assistance System

指導教授 : 曾全佑
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摘要


本研究針對一種可加裝於手推輪椅後側的動力輔助套件進行控制策略設計。目的為當使用者推動輪椅時,動力輔助套件統提供一輔助力銜接使用者推力,以減少使用者頻繁手推輪椅,而提升使用者行動自主能力,並方便使用者維持活動量,使身心機能活化。 本研發團隊已經完成一種具備行駛穩定性與轉彎靈活性的動力輔助機構,可快速拆裝於手推輪椅後側,其輔助機構之動力源來自輔助套件中24V350W輪鼓馬達進行驅動;本文主要探討該動力輔助套件的控制策略設計,目標為發展系統辨識能力並估測出不同負載條件下系統參數之差異,再透過控制器計算出適應各負載條件下的輔助力進行輔助,最後以ISO舒適度指標和使用者主觀感受作為控制最佳化依據,主要技術核心包含了線上系統辨識、使用者推力估測以及控制器輔助力設計。 本研究已完成一動力輔助控制方法,控制目標在於面對不同負載時控制器能提供最合適的輔助力推動輪椅,且以室內模式固定車速與室外模式可變車速兩種方式進行輔助。實車測試結果顯示,在控制器未加入系統辨識時,從車速表現中可觀察出輔助啟動瞬間產生延遲或過快的現象,造成較重的使用者(90kg)在輔助過程中產生輔助不足的感受,而較輕的使用者(60kg)在輔助過程中則感受到輔助過量的問題;從系統辨識參數之結果顯示,在室內輔助模式過程中透過辨識方法清楚分辨出不同負載之人重對於系統參數的差異,且從推力估測中辨別出使用者推力與馬達輔助力,將系統辨識結果運用於控制器中設計輔助量,使系統面對不同負載時都能提供平緩且舒適的輔助力驅使馬達推動輪椅前進,輔助性能指標皆能符合ISO之舒適度指標範圍內,亦即加速度小於0.315m/s^2,衝度(Jerk) 介於±1.16m/s^3~±2.06m/s^3。

並列摘要


This study aims to design a controller for Power-Assisted Wheelchair (PAWC) system installed behind a manual wheelchair. The PAWC provides an assist force responding to user’s pushing force to reduce the burden on the user. This is to enhance the user's autonomy ability and thus their willing to move by themself to maintaining the body and mind health. Our R&D team has completed a power-assisted wheelchair system that can be quickly installed on the rear side of the hand-push wheelchair. This study is mainly focused on the control strategy design of the system. The goal is to provide a suitable auxiliary force to adapt to different loads and user’s thrust forces. Thus on-line system parameter identification and load estimation techniques are developed. The developed system is operated with two modes, namely, indoor mode and outdoor mode. The ISO comfort index and user’s subjective feelings are the basis for controller optimization. Experimental results show that the system can precisely identify system parameters under different loads. By applying the identified parameters to the thrust estimation and controller design, the system can provide smooth and comfortable auxiliary force to the wheelchair. The wheelchair can move with acceleration and jerk within the ISO comfort index, that is , acceleration<0.315m/s^2,±1.16m/s^3≤jerk≤±2.06m/s^3).

參考文獻


[1] Sie IH, Waters RL, Adkins RH,1992,Gellman H, “Upper extremity pain in the postrehabilitation spinal cord injured patient” ,Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 73,44-48.
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