弱勢青少年的物質剝奪對主觀幸福感之影響：社會資本之中介效果

本研究主要探討社會資本在弱勢青少年的物質剝奪與主觀幸福感之間的中介作用程度。本研究探討的議題為：1.探討弱勢青少年之物質剝奪與主觀幸福感的關係。2.探討家庭外社會資本對弱勢青少年主觀幸福感之中介效果。本研究為量化研究，研究方法採用路徑分析，研究資料來源為台灣兒童暨家庭扶助基金會所資助之台灣貧窮兒少資料庫：2017年弱勢兒少生活趨勢調查，研究對象為12-24歲在學中的經濟弱勢青少年。研究結果發現：1. 物質剝奪對弱勢青少年的社會資本有負向顯著的影響。2. 弱勢青少年之物質剝奪對主觀幸福感有負向顯著的影響。3.社會資本對弱勢青少年主觀幸福感有正向的影響。4. 社會資本在主要關係中具有中介效果。最後，依據本研究結果，對實務工作提出建議：1.滿足青少年之基本生活需求。2.積極促進弱勢青少年與同儕的互動，改善同儕關係。建議社會福利機構：(1)提供相關資源協助弱勢青少年平等參與各項社會活動。(2)辦理非限定服務使用者參與之活動；對於學校方面建議：(1)積極辦理促進學生同儕關係的活動。(2)設立社會福利專戶。3.重視領取其他政府補助之弱勢青少年的同儕關係與心理健康。4.重視弱勢青少年的個別限制，積極改善師生關係。5.重視青少年女性的心理困擾。6.提高18-24歲青年之生活滿意度。

關鍵字

物質剝奪；主觀幸福感；社會資本；生活滿意度

並列摘要

The study of this research is to understand the mediator between disad-vantaged adolescents’ material deprivation and their subjective well-being. The research covers these areas: 1.An examination of the relationship between ad-olescents’ material deprivation and their subjective well-being; 2. An under-standing of how social capital outside of the family as a mediator variable af-fects disadvantaged adolescents’ subjective well-being. The researcher used path analysis for this quantitative study. The data used was published in the Taiwan Database of Children and Youth in Poverty by the Taiwan Fund for Children and Families. It is a survey on the trends of chil-dren’s and adolescents’ lives in 2017. The subjects of this research are disad-vantaged adolescents between the ages of 12 and 24 who are still in school. The research results are as follows: 1.Material deprivation has a significantly nega-tive impact on adolescents’ social capital; 2.Material deprivation has a negative impact on adolescents’ subjective well-being; 3.Social capital has a positive impact on their subjective well-being; 4.Social capital acts as a mediator varia-ble between deprivation and subjective well-being. Lastly, the study offers some advice based on the findings. Advice for direct practice: 1.Satisfy the adolescents’ basic needs; 2. Create opportunities for interactions between disadvantaged adolescents and their peers to better their relationships. Advice for social welfare organizations: (1) Offer resources so that disadvantaged adolescents can participate in social activities equally; (2) Host events that non-service users can participate in as well. Advice for schools: (1) Engage actively in peer-promoting activities; (2) Create an account desig-nated for social welfare; 3. Pay attention to the peer relationships and mental health of disadvantaged adolescents receiving assistance from other govern-ment funds; 4. Look at the individual challenges that each disadvantaged ado-lescents faces and focus on improving their relationships with their teachers; 5. Pay attention to the emotional problems teenage girls face; 6. Improve the life satisfaction of young adults between the ages of 18 and 24. Keywords: material deprivation, subjective well-being, social capital, life sat-isfaction