利用專利分類號共現集群分析探討新興市場技術布局－以牙科醫療器材技術為例

企業因應全球經濟發展趨勢，積極開拓新興市場，需先瞭解該國產業技術缺口、技術發展趨勢及相關競爭者技術布局情報。透過專利分析可預測產業或企業之技術布局現況，然進入如東協諸國語言複雜且為無專利引用資訊，無法利用目前已發展之專利引用計量分析方法或人工逐篇閱讀專利等方式處理專利技術分類分析。本研究利用國際專利分類號共現分析及集群分析探討各國企業在菲律賓及馬來西亞牙科醫療器材技術布局現況。研究資料分別為菲律賓及馬來西亞專利資料庫自 1999年至 2018年 10月 7日之牙科醫療器材專利。檢索結果為菲律賓及馬來西亞各 198件及 199件專利，分別建置專利共現矩陣，計算 Cosine係數，進行技術類別集群分析，以社會網絡分析繪製各國專利權人技術布局圖。研究結果顯示，菲律賓及馬來西亞牙科醫療器材技術布局各分為 5個技術集群和 8個技術集群，以「淨牙製劑技術」及「無或具動力驅動牙刷技術」技術布局為主，台灣在菲律賓及馬來西亞主要布局技術則是以人工牙根技術為主。最後根據上述研究結果提出結論、建議及未來研究方向。

關鍵字

專利分類號；共現分析；集群分析；牙科醫療器材

並列摘要

Enterprises should actively explore emerging markets to response the global economic development trend by understand the country's industrial technology gap, technology development trends and related competitors' technology portfolio strategy. Firms can predict the current state of the technology portfolio of the industry or other enterprises from patent analysis. Due to the language of the ASEAN countries is complex and no patent citation information, it is impossible to use the currently developed patent citation method or manual reading patents to classify the technology of patent. This study uses the international patent classification symbol co-occurrence analysis and cluster analysis to explore the status of dental medical device technology in Philippines and Malaysia. The research data are the patents of dental medical equipment from the Philippines and Malaysia Patent Database from 1999 to October 7, 2018. The research sample are 198 and 199 patents in the Philippines and Malaysia. We used four methods to classify the patent technology type- patent co-occurrence matrices, calculate Cosine coefficients, perform technical category cluster analysis, and draw technology maps of patent owners by social network analysis. The research results showed that the technology portfolio of dental medical device in the Philippines and Malaysia are classified into five and eight technical clusters. The main technology portfolio are "clean tooth preparation technology" and "no or power-driven toothbrush technology" in both country. Taiwanese companies applied “dental implant technology” patent in the Philippines and Malaysia. Finally, we provided our conclusions, recommendations and future research suggestion based on the above research results.