向陽國家森林遊樂區至嘉明湖沿線植群生態之研究

本研究目的為瞭解向陽國家森林遊樂區及嘉明湖國家步道之植物資源清單及植群特性，並探討影響植物社會分化之環境因子。於研究區內記錄了維管束植物69科166屬264種，其中包含29種紅皮書植物。共設置木本植物社會40個(250 m2)樣區、灌木植物社會22個(100 m2)樣區及草本植物社會25個(4 m2)樣區，並評估8項環境因子。透過雙向矩陣群團分析配合降趨對應分析將木本植物社會劃分為7個植群型，分別為臺灣冷杉型、臺灣鐵杉型、狹葉櫟-高山新木薑子型、臺灣二葉松-紅檜型、臺灣赤楊型、臺灣二葉松-臺灣馬醉木型、玉山圓柏型；灌木植物社會劃分為4型，分別為刺柏-臺灣馬醉木型、玉山圓柏-刺柏型、玉山小檗型、玉山圓柏-玉山小檗型；草本植物社會則劃分為5型，分別為玉山箭竹-曲芒髮草型、高山芒型、玉山箭竹-油薹型、玉山箭竹-玉山針藺型、臺灣地楊梅-玉山針藺型。由典型對應分析及主成分分析結果顯示，影響木本植物組成之環境變數以海拔高、地形位置、全天光空域、直射光空域為主要因子；灌木植物社會為海拔高及全天光空域；草本植物社會則為坡度、含石率、土壤pH值與直射光空域。除玉山圓柏、臺灣冷杉、臺灣鐵杉型與臺灣赤楊型族群結構成反J型分布外，狹葉櫟型呈L型分布、臺灣二葉松型成鐘型及J型分布。

關鍵字

植群生態；嘉明湖國家步道；向陽國家森林遊樂區

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to establish a list of plant resources and plant data for the Xiangyang National Forest Recreation Area and Jiaming Lake National Trail, and to explore the environmental factors that affect the social differentiation of plants. There are 264 species of 166 genera in 69 families, including 29 species of rare plants. A total of 40 (250 m2) plots in the woody plant society, 22 (100 m2) plots in the shrub plant society, and 25 (4 m2) plots in the herbaceous plant society and 8 environmental factors were analyzed. Through two-way matrix cluster analysis and descending trend correspondence analysis, the woody plant society is divided into 7 plant types, namely Abies kawakamii type、Tsuga chinensis type, Cyclobalanopsis stenophylloides - Neolitsea acuminatissima type, Pinus taiwanensis - Chamaecyparis formosensis type, Alnus formosana type, Pinus taiwanensis - Pieris taiwanensis type and Juniperus morrisonicola type; shrub plant society is divided into 4 types, respectively Juniperus formosana- Pieris taiwanenisis type, Juniperus sequamata- Juniperus formosana type, Berberis morrisonensis type, Juniperus sequamata - Berberis morrisonensis type; Herbaceous Society is divided into 5 types, respectively Yushania niitakayamensis - Deschampsia flexuosa type、Yushania niitakayamensis - Carex satzumensis type、Miscanthus sinensis type、Yushania niitakayamensis - Trichophorum subcapitatum type and Luzula taiwaniana - Deschampsia flexuosa type. The environmental variables that affect the social composition and distribution of woody plants are most prominent in altitude, whole light sky space, direct light sky space and direct light sky space; shrubs are the altitude and all sky light space; herbs are Slope, Stoniness, soil pH and direct light sky space. In addition to the Juniperus morrisonicola, Abies kawakamii, Tsuga chinensis and Alnus formosana population structure is reverse J-shaped, the other Cyclobalanopsis stenophylloides is L-shaped, Pinus taiwanensis is bell-shaped and J-shaped.