酵素水解對紅毛丹(Nephelium lappaceum L.)葉抑制醣類水解酵素和抗氧化活性之影響

Effect of Enzyme Hydrolysis on Carbohydrate Hydrolase Inhibition and Antioxidant Properties of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) Leaves

高念郁(Kao Nien-Yu)

指導教授 ： 蔡碧仁

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/食品科學系所/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202000240

摘要

糖尿病為一代謝疾病，其患者體內容易產生氧化應激，且治療方式中如抑制醣類水解酵素(α-Amylase、α-Glucosidase)，能延緩血糖升高之藥物可能造成副作用，因此如何對抗氧化應激與降低相關副作用為現代趨勢。
紅毛丹(Nephelium lappaceum L.)葉為東南亞之果樹種植廢棄物，其在東南亞地區常用於作為頭髮護理之保養，而根據文獻顯示，植物的葉片富含多酚類化合物，可做為天然抗氧化劑，對抗體內氧化應激且經許多研究證實多酚類化合物具有抑制醣類水解酵素的效果。然而紅毛丹葉在此方面相關文獻較少，因此本研究將探討紅毛丹葉之抑制醣類水解酵素能力與抗氧化活性，並分析其酚類化合物成分及含量，且進一步利用酵素水解破壞植物細胞壁結構，提升紅毛丹葉之機能性成分含量，增加其抑制醣類水解酵素能力與抗氧化活性，並分析其機能性成分變化，找出最適的加工條件。實驗結果顯示，經萃取後紅毛丹葉在α-Amylase之抑制率約為7成，α-Glucosidase之抑制率約為4成，而在抗氧化SOD-like活性約為25000 U/g，經HPLC分析後發現，以多酚類化合物中酚酸類之Corilagin和Geraniin為主要化合物，且其與抑制醣類水解酵素和抗氧化活性之相關性皆為正相關(R=0.558-0.868)。而經過最適酵素水解條件作用後，與控制組相比，抑制α-Amylase之抑制率提升10%，α-Glucosidase之抑制率增加13%，抗氧化SOD-like活性提高約10%，且經HPLC-UV分析後發現，水解後之紅毛丹葉Gallic acid和Esculetin含量提升約2-5倍，綜合上述，可得知紅毛丹葉具有潛力作為抑制醣類水解酵素和高抗氧化活性保健產品之原料來源，且富含許多機能性成分，經過酵素水解後，能提高其抑制醣類水解酵素能力和抗氧化力，對於未來在紅毛丹葉之加工、食用及產品開發，可以得到完善的利用，並增加其保健領域方面之曝光度來提高其經濟價值。

關鍵字

紅毛丹葉 ； 醣類水解酵素 ； 抗氧化 ； 酵素水解

並列摘要

Diabetes is a metabolic disease. Patients are prone to oxidative stress, and the treatment methods such as inhibiting carbohydrate hydrolase (α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase) drugs that delay blood sugar rising may cause side effects. In nowadays, reducing oxidative stress is becoming an issue.
Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) leaves are a kind of waste during tree plantingin Southeast Asia, which is commonly used as a hair care.Leaves has been studied as a rich source of phenolic compounds with high ability in inhibiting carbohydrate hydrolase and antioxidantactivities. However, the studies with rambutan leaves are rare. This research was investigated carbohydrate hydrolase inhibition activities and antioxidant properties of rambutan leaves crude extract solution. Besides, the phenolic compounds were also analyzed by HPLC.Furthermore, to enhance the concentration of functional compound in samples, enzyme hydrolysis treatment was used. After this processing, the change of inhibiting carbohydrate hydrolase and antioxidant activities was observed.Results showed that leaf crude extract solution had capacity in α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase inhibitory and SOD-like activity with value of 70%, 40%, and 25000 U/g, respectively. Besides, phenolic acids were found to be the major compounds in crude extract solution that are highly correlated with not only carbohydrate hydrolase inhibition, but also antioxidant activities(R=0.558-0.868). Moreover, the utilization of enzyme hydrolysis treatment has been evaluated to enrich bioactive compounds in leaf crude extract solution with an increase in α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase inhibition, and SOD-like activity at 10%, 13% and 1.5 times, respectively. In conclusion, rambutan leaf can be used as a potential material for carbohydrate hydrolase inhibitors and antioxidant properties in the future.

並列關鍵字

Rambutan leaves ； Carbohydrate hydrolase ； Antioxidant antioxidant ； Enzyme hydrolysis

參考文獻

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