雨刷膠條摩擦特徵量測與分析系統之建立

Development of Friction Measurement and Analysis System for Wiper Rubber Blade

林君翰(Lin Jun-Han)

指導教授 ： 曾全佑

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202000467

摘要

汽車雨刷的刷拭品質指標有震動、刷拭噪音及刷拭乾淨程度，其中，膠條與玻璃間的摩擦係數為影響震動與刷拭噪音的主要因素之一，而影響摩擦係數的因素除了膠條材料配方、膠條截面設計、表面塗層外，膠條所承受的下壓力與攻擊角為關鍵因素。攻擊角以及下壓力在實際雨刷的應用中，變化範圍非常大，膠條的設計必須能適應此一大範圍的邊界條件變化，而其適應能力之指標之一為摩擦係數的變化情形。因此本研究建立雨刷膠條摩擦係數量測與分析系統，並建立實驗設計方法，探討膠條在不同下壓力與攻擊角的交互作用下，膠條與玻璃之摩擦係數變化。研究成果為一套圓盤式的雨刷膠條摩擦特徵量測系統，特色為可變攻擊角機構、精密的摩擦力量測機構、控制系統以及量測分析系統等。該設備可針對10cm膠條樣品，量測膠條與玻璃相對切線速度5mm/s~35mm/s範圍之靜態到動態摩擦係數的特徵曲線。
另外，本研究利用田口實驗法，探討膠條之刃口長度、下壓力及攻擊角等三個因子，在不同水準下對乾摩擦係數的影響，以及各因子間交互作用的影響程度，最後提出這些因子的組合與交互作用下的膠條摩擦係數預測模型。經過與實驗值之比較結果顯示，該模型可以代表所有參數組合之實驗量測值，最大誤差<3.5%。由預測模型可知，刃口長度，下壓力，與攻擊角三個因子的交互作用效應不可忽略，也就是說這三個參數互相匹配的情形，對膠條的摩擦係數表現影響很顯著，因此在膠條的設計上，這些參數不可獨立設計。研究過程也發現，雨刷較大的負攻擊角匹配下壓力不足與膠條短刃口時，會導致膠條與玻璃之間的刷拭角不穩定，摩擦係數高低變化幅度高，容易引發振幅極大的stick-slip現象。

關鍵字

雨刷動態 ； 雨刷膠條 ； 摩擦係數 ； 田口法

並列摘要

The quality indexes of a wiper are vibration, wiping noise, and wiping cleanliness. The friction coefficient between the rubber blade of the wiper and glass is one of the main factors strongly affecting the vibration and noise in wiping. The factors that affect the friction coefficient include the rubber material, cross-section, and coating of the blade. Furthermore, the press force to the wiper blade and attack angle existing between the wiper and glass are also the key parameters.

This thesis is focused on the establishment of a dynamic analysis system for analyzing the coefficient of friction of the wiper blade. The system features include variable attack angle mechanism, friction measurement mechanism, control system and data analysis system. The completed equipment can measure the dynamic friction coefficient characteristic curve with the relative tangential speed between the wiper blade and the glass in the range of 5mm/s～35mm/s for the 10cm tested rubber sample. In addition, this research uses the Taguchi method to explore the effects of three key parameters on the coefficient of the friction between the rubber blade and glass, namely blade length, pressure, and attack angle of the wiper. The influence on the friction coefficient at different levels of the parameters and the degree of influence of the interaction between those factors were investigated. Finally, a empirical model was proposed to predict the effects of the three parameters on the coefficient of friction.

並列關鍵字

Wiper dynamics ； Wiper Blade ； Friction Coefficient ； Taguchi Methods

參考文獻

[1] Shinya Goto, Hiroshi Takahashi, Takio Oya, “Investigation of Wiper Blade Squeal Noise Reduction Measures”, SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-1410.

[2] Ryosuke Suzuki, Kimihiko Yasuda,” Analysis of Chatter Vibration in an Automotive”, JSME International Journal, Series C, Vol. 41, No.3, 1998.

[3] Motoki Unno, Atsushi Shibata, Hiroshi Yabuno,Dai Yanagisawa, Tomonori Nakano, “Investigation of the Dynamics of the Wiper Blade around the Reversal”, ENOC 2017, June 25-30, 2017, Budapest, Hungary.

[4] 方治國，陳鴻瑋，2012，「汽車雨刷膠條磨潤測試機台之研製與實驗分析」，國立宜蘭大學工程學刊第 8 期，1-14 頁。

[5] Jinai Chung, Jun-Gi Hong, Hong-In Won,Hyoungrae Kim, “Squeal Noise of an Automotive Wiper Blade”, Scientific Cooperations International Workshops on Engineering Branches, 8-9 August 2014.