- 學位論文
中高齡原住民族智能障礙者之主要照顧者的照顧歷程–以屏東縣原住民族為例
The Experience of Caregiving for Primary Caregivers of the Elderly with Intellectual Disability － A Study of Indigenous Peoples in Pingtung
摘要
過去的論文研究並未探討有關中高齡原住民族智能障礙家庭的議題。希冀透過本研究貢獻棉薄之力，以瞭解其中樣貌。本研究採質性研究且使用深度訪談的方式進行資料蒐集，並以立意抽樣的方式訪談9名中高齡智能障礙者之主要照顧者。 研究結果得知(1)主要照顧者均有虔誠的信仰習慣；(2)主要照顧者會透過自我調適作為因應策略；(3)主要照顧者對智能障礙者的未來規劃已有初步構想；(4)感受到智能障礙者整體功能的表現，比鑑定出的障礙等級還要好。 而中高齡智能障礙家庭在照顧歷程所面臨到的議題有(1)致障成因的後續影響；(2)雙方關係的緊密程度；(3)智能障礙者易遭欺騙；(4)就學、就醫及就業情形。在負荷、需求及資源運用方面則是(1)照顧者的需求與負荷，其心理及經濟的負荷明顯較沉重，對於信仰、資訊及工具的需求亦高於其他；(2)使用正式資源與非正式資源的概況，前者使用的服務項目略低，後者使用的狀況佳。文化照顧的影響(1)排灣族及魯凱族均有相似的「頭目制度」與「長嗣制度」，而兩族的「頭目制度」較無影響照顧，但「長嗣制度」明顯與照顧相互影響；(2)兩族的照顧方式、技巧或知識等與漢人差異不大。 根據本研究發現提出三大面向的建議，分別為政策面、實務面及未來相關研究的建議以供參考。
並列摘要
Previous studies have not addressed Indigenous families that include elderly members with intellectual disabilities. It is hoped that this study will go some small way toward bridging this gap. This study adopted a method including qualitative, in-depth interviews based on purposive sampling, through which data was collected from nine primary caregivers of elderly people with intellectual disabilities. This study revealed that (1) primary caregivers all had strong religious convictions; (2) primary caregivers used self-adaptation as a coping strategy; (3) primary caregivers made at least tentative future plans with regards to their elders with intellectual disabilities; and (4) the perceived overall abilities of the elderly people with intellectual disabilities surpassed their tested ability levels. Issues encountered by families that have elderly members with intellectual disabilities during the caregiving process include (1) ongoing influence from debilitating factors; (2) the degree of caregiver-elderly closeness; (3) those with intellectual disabilities easily falling prey to scams; and (4) difficulties seeking education, employment, and medical care. Issues in terms of burdens, needs and resource utilization include the facts that (1) caregivers’ psychological and economic burdens are relatively high, and they also have relatively high needs in terms of religious belief, information, and tools; and (2) the utilization of service items of formal resource is rather low, while the utilization of informal resource is better. In terms of cultural care influences, (1) the Paiwan and Rukai peoples have similar “chieftain” (mamazangiljan) and “primogeniture” (vusam/kalaingan) systems, while the “chieftain” systems of both groups have little influence on caregiving. However, the primogeniture systems have obvious interactions on caregiving; and (2) the two groups’ forms, practices, and knowledge in caregiving are not far removed from those of Han people. This study presents recommendations in three major areas – policy, practice, and areas for future research.