以苔蘚植物為主題發展環境教育之教案

本論文研究以苔蘚植物為主題，發展環境教育之系列教案。文中彙整國內外苔蘚植物相關之環境教育文獻，做為教案發展的背景資料。為瞭解民眾對於苔蘚植物的認知程度，本研究蒐集188份問卷，以SPSS Statistics 18軟體進行統計分析並以t-test進行差異性比較。結果顯示，受測者在參與本研究之課程解說後，對於苔蘚植物及其生態環境的認知程度均有顯著提升，且並不因其背景不同而有所差異。本研究訪談八位苔蘚生態及環境教育專家進行「苔蘚認知問卷」與「苔蘚認知課程」之內容效度分析。經深度訪談後，受訪者建議未來的教案設計除認知之外，更應著重於環境素養、環境藝術、生態維護及保育行動之面向，並依不同年齡與不同對象進行教案設計，輔以多圖像與影像並融入案例說明；藉由戶外教育、生態旅遊或社群網路服務平臺之形式來推動，亦可透過各類專案或社區營造計畫申請經費，培訓學員或志工共同參與苔蘚環境教育之推廣。本研究中研擬「苔蘚環境教育」系列教案，並同時兼具成人版及兒童版之區別，藉多元教學方式推動苔蘚環境教育，讓更多民眾認知苔蘚植物與環境之關係，並期望本教案成為此類活動推廣者之參考。

關鍵字

苔蘚植物；環境教育；教案設計；戶外教育；生態旅遊

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to develop a series of lesson plans for environmental education of bryophytes. The background information for the development of this lesson plans comes from the domestic and foreign environmental education documents related to bryophytes. To understand the public awareness of bryophytes, this study collected 188 "Bryophytes Cognitive Education Questionnaire", used SPSS Statistics 18 software for statistical analysis and t-test for difference comparison. The statistical results of the questionnaires showed that the accuracy of answering is not affected by study subjects' personal background factors such as gender, age, education level, geographic location, and individual learning experience. There are significant differences between the study groups, regardless of their difference, the awareness of bryophytes and the ecological environment was significantly improved after the participation of the "Bryophytes Cognitive Education Course". To evaluate the content validity of the "Bryophytes Cognitive Education Questionnaire" and the "Bryophytes Cognitive Education Course", 8 bryologists or environmental education experts were interviewed, the experts' opinions suggest that in addition to raising public perception, future lesson plans design should focus on environmental literacy, environmental art, ecological maintenance, and conservation actions. The lesson plans design should base on age difference and learner object difference, supplemented by multiple images, videos, and case studies. It is to be promoted by outdoor education, eco-tourism, or social networking service platform. Funding support for the training of students or volunteers participating in the promotion of bryophytes environmental education can be applied through various educational projects or community projects. Using multiple teaching methods to advocate for bryophytes environmental education, this research has also developed a series of teaching plans with both adult and children's versions. Hopefully, through the environmental education of bryophytes as this research sought to achieve, there will be more people understand and appreciate the bryophytes-environment relationship and will participate as references for those who promote similar activities.