探討水力沖洗系統整治受輕質非水相液體污染地下水之成效-砂箱試驗

石油碳氫化合物以輕質非水相液體（LNAPLs）的形式存在於地下，為許多加油站或儲油槽附近層含水層中常見的地下水污染源。傳統整治受有機物污染之土壤與地下水方法常需添加化學藥劑至地下含水層中，導入外來污染源或衍生危害地下環境的物質，或是將污染物抽出並加以處理導致產生大量廢水，反而讓場址整治更加複雜化。實驗設計的概念是改造捷力英環境有限公司獲得專利的水力土壤污染沖洗和修復系統，以物理修復受LNAPL 污染的含水層。設置砂箱模擬地下含水層，並測試水力土壤污染沖洗整治系統，藉由揮發及土壤淋洗處理累積於非飽和土壤及飽和含水層中LNAPL污染物之可行性。實驗一為實驗前期覆蓋塑膠布直到實驗後期再加以拆除，抽水速率142 mL/min；實驗二為全程不覆蓋塑膠布，抽水速率前期142 mL/min，後期增加至210 mL/min。結果顯示，砂箱實驗證明土壤污染沖洗整治系統確實能以水力循環沖洗、揮發作用及土壤淋洗作用降低地下水中及土壤中之總石油碳氫化合物-汽油類有機物(TPHg)濃度。整體而言，抽水速率在210 mL/min與不覆蓋塑膠布對地下水中TPHg去除率較好，土壤10 cm濃度下降速度也較快，再搭配定時以補注井補水更能提升地下水中及土壤中之TPHg去除率。本研究結果可作為未來放大應用於實場受TPHg污染場址整治技術選擇之參考。

關鍵字

輕質非水相液體（LNAPL）；砂箱系統；水力土壤污染沖洗整治系統；抽水速率；土壤淋洗

並列摘要

Petroleum hydrocarbons exist underground in the form of light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) and are a common source of groundwater pollution in aquifers near many gas stations or oil storage tanks. Conventional methods to remediate soil and groundwater contaminated by organic matter often need to add chemicals into the aquifer resulting in introducing external pollution sources or derived substances that harm the underground environment, or to pump the polluted groundwater and then be treated resulting in producing a large amount of wastewater, which makes the remediation site more complicated. The concept of the experimental design is to modify the hydraulic soil pollution flushing and remediation system patented by CMC Environmental Ltd. to physically remediate the aquifer contaminated by LNAPL. Set up a sand box to simulate aquifers, and test the feasibility of using volatilization and soil flushing to treat LNAPL pollutants accumulated in unsaturated soil and aquifers in the design of a hydraulic soil pollution flushing and remediation system. In the first test, the plastic cloth was covered in the early stage of the experiment and it was removed at the later stage of the experiment, and the pumping rate was 142 mL/min. The second test was that the plastic cloth was not covered in the entire experiment, and the pumping rate was 142 mL/min in the early stage and then increased to 210 mL/min in the later stage. The results show that the sandbox tests prove that the soil pollution flushing and remediation system can indeed reduce the total petroleum hydrocarbon-gasoline organic matter (TPHg) concentration in the groundwater and the soil through hydraulic circulation flushing, volatilization and soil flushing. In general, the removal rate of TPHg in groundwater at a pumping rate of 210 mL/min and uncovered with plastic cloth is better, and the soil concentration at 10 cm from the pumping well also drops faster. Coupled with regular recharge wells to replenish water can improve the removal efficiency of TPHg of groundwater and soil. The results of this study can provide as a reference of selection of remediation technology for future scale-up application of sites contaminated by TPHg.

並列關鍵字

light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) ； sandbox system ； hydraulic circulation flushing soil remediation system (HFS) ； pumping rate ； soil flushing

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