廠內噴流機器噪音分布及控制改善研究

Research on noise distribution and control strategies of jet stream machines in a factory

廖俊凱(Liao Jyun-kai)

指導教授 ： 葉桂君

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST201900038

摘要

隨著勞工職業安全與衛生觀念進步，高噪音機械之噪音防制技術都有顯卓的發展，搭配管理使得工廠機器運作所產生之噪音也有所改善，然而部分運作高噪音機器產生之噪音危害不似連續運作機器引人注意，隨著人員在工作場所內自覺噪音分貝量降低，導致對自我防護的觀念降低，或時常因噪音發生時間短暫，忍耐一下就過了的心態，加上佩戴防護用具會使人在交談上須提高音量，長期配戴會使人員感到不舒服等不便性，都使操作人員對配戴防護用具的意願降低，使作業人員增加暴露噪音的危害之中，且噪音傷害是國內職場環境最普遍的職業危害，會造成作業人員生理與心理上之健康危害。
本研究主旨在透過臨廠訪視，建置一套針對間歇操作之噴流機器的噪音源調查量測計畫；並以頻譜分析為基礎建立音源診斷及噪音改善評估模式。完成受測廠內計4部間歇操作噴流機器噪音作業環境之臨廠訪視、進行噪音源辨識，現場噪音量測與頻譜分析等作業，當主噪音源被確定，通過工程規劃減少噪音源處的噪音，做為控制噪音的最優先方式。且利用噪音改善設計樣態之案例，加以成本成效分析、評估比較，針對風險危害高的機器提出三種改善方案之降噪成效評估。其成果經過模擬分析，三種設計方案樣態之成效評估，分別有：11~18 dB、16~24 dB及15~18 dB之降噪效果。所需經費用分別為新台幣：3萬2千、6萬5千及5萬元。

關鍵字

噪音 ； 噪音頻譜分析 ； 噪音改善成效評估 ； 噴流機械 ； 改善方案

並列摘要

Because of the labor safety issue and awareness of occupation health, the noise reduction techniques for high noise machinery have been improved significantly. Together with proper noise management, the noise produced by the factory machine can be further reduced. However, the intermittent high dB noises can be mistakenly considered as regular sound volumes and tolerated, which pose higher hazard potential than the continuous noises. This can result in negligence of self-protection in the work place. In addition, works usually do not like wearing hearing protection device such as earplugs or earmuffs at work, because they feel uncomfortable, inconvenient and have to raise voice during conversation. This will increase the risk of exposure to the high dB noise.
The main purpose of this study is to establish a noise evaluation program for four intermittent-operating jet machines in a factory. After the on-site visits, noise source identification, on-site noise measurement and frequency spectrum analysis were conducted for four machines and the working environments in the tested factory. One machine is identified as the major noise source. By using the noise simulation model, three noise improvement schemes were compared for the noise reduction and cost effectiveness. The results of the model simulation analysis for the three design schemes are 11~18 dB, 16~24 dB and 15~18 dB in noise reductions. The required fees are NT $32,000, $65,000 and $50,000, respectively.

並列關鍵字

Noise ； Frequency analysis ； dB effectiveness evaluation ； Jet stream machines ； Improvement alternatives

參考文獻

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