以層級分析法探討家長對學齡前幼兒運動項目選擇之研究

隨著時代的變遷，少子化已成為臺灣的普遍社會現象，導致大部分的家長對於幼兒發展的觀念逐漸改變，除了教育學習外，並置重點於幼兒體適能的培養。因此，不少體適能工作室針對幼兒的發展，創造出琳瑯滿目的體能活動課程，例如：直排輪，游泳、滑步車，足球、幼兒體操等體能活動，以上這些活動目的，主要是讓幼兒透過各類體能活動，訓練平衡感、四肢均衡發展、提升心肺功能、專注力及遠離3C產品等。本研究運用層級分析法，分析滑步車、跑步、游泳及直排輪等四項運動中，何者運動是家長願意讓幼兒學習的首要選擇，並在層級分析法的架構中，探討家長選擇體能活動課程之評估因素，透過各個構面分析比較，及長期接受體適能活動課程的家長實施問卷調查，進行各層級影響要素之間的兩兩比較，找出家長覺得哪一項運動是對幼兒發展最好的。研究結果顯示，滑步車運動是家長優先選擇的，其次是游泳運動，第三及第四分別為跑步及直排輪，家長可以藉由滑步車運動，提升幼兒專注力、平衡感及四肢均衡發展，後續接觸其他體能課程，均能駕輕就熟，學習效果卓著，再來透過其他運動提升幼兒身體狀況，例如希望藉由跑步增加心肺功能及肌耐力，游泳提升四肢均衡發展及心肺功能，直排輪順練平衡感及專注力，不管哪個運動，家長都希望幼兒成長過程中均衡發展，提升身體機能。

關鍵字

學齡前幼兒體適能；層級分析法

並列摘要

With the changes in the times, the declining birthrate has become a common social phenomenon in Taiwan. As a result, most parents are gradually changing their concepts of young children's development. Apart from traditional education, parents also focus on the growth of physical fitness for their young children. Therefore, a lot of fitness studios have created a variety of physical activities for young children's development, such as roller-skating, swimming, balance bike, football, gymnastics, etc. The purposes of the above were designed to balance training, limbs developing, cardiovascular function improving, concentration promoting, and keep young children away from 3C products with the participation of activities. In this research, we applied the analytic hierarchy process （AHP） to explore which sports of young children would be the best choice of parents. Four popular sports are evaluated in our research; they are balance bike, jogging, swimming, and roller-skating. The research results show that scooter exercise is the first choice for parents, followed by swimming, and third and fourth are running and inline wheels respectively. Parents can use scooter exercise to improve children's concentration, balance and limbs Balanced development, follow-up exposure to other physical fitness courses, you can be familiar with it, and the learning effect is outstanding. Then come to improve the physical condition of young children through other sports. Rotational training exercises a sense of balance and concentration. No matter which sport, parents hope that children will develop in a balanced manner during their growth and improve their physical function.