馬來西亞農民從事友善環境耕作關鍵因素

馬來西亞高溫多雨氣候導致病蟲害肆虐，造成大量化學藥品氾濫，因此，期望農民投入有機農業及友善環境耕作，以下列兩點目的希望農民投入，一、瞭解馬來西亞農民從事友善環境耕作之目的；二、分析影響農民友善環境耕作之決策關鍵影響因素。透過文獻探討，確認馬來西亞農民從事友善環境耕作之關鍵因素，接續運用層級分析法計算次要關鍵因素之權重及排序。研究結果發現「消費者需求」為最優先構面，而整體權重前六名依序為「產品的認可」、「安全食品的保證」、「專業技術」、「農產品的穩定收入」、「能使身體健康」、「友善耕作的認可」等。建議政府透過教育、行銷等方式，提升消費者生理及心理需求，建構永續的消費客群；建議生產者需先確認消費客群之需求，藉由提升友善環境耕作農產品的認可程度、確保友善環境耕作農產品之安全性、維護消費者身體健康等條件，進一步拓展消費客群。

關鍵字

友善環境耕作；決策影響因素；層級分析法

並列摘要

The high temperature and rainy in Malaysia has led to pests and diseases, and caused a large amount of chemical pollution. Therefore, to expect more farmers can devote themselves to organic agriculture and eco-friendly farming. The aim of this study was to understand the purpose of Malaysian farmers engaged in environmentally friendly farming, and to analysis the key factor that influence farmers in environmentally friendly farming. After literature review, we confirmed the key factors for Malaysian farmers to engage in environmentally friendly farming, and then used the Analytic Hierarchy Process method to calculate the weighting and ranking of secondary key factors. It was found that "consumer demand" is the first dimension and the following are "product recognition", "safe food guarantee", "professional technology", "stable income of agricultural products", " can make people healthy", " the recognition of friendly farming", etc. The results from this study suggest that the government should enhance the consumers' physiological and psychological needs by education and marketing, and build a sustainable consumer base. The producers need to confirm the demand of the consumer first, and to expand the consumer base by enhancing the recognition of the environmentally friendly farming products, ensuring the safety of environmentally friendly farming products, and maintaining the health of consumers.