基於卷積神經網路之深度學習方法之蘋果葉面病害辨識與分類

Identification and Classification of Apple Leaf Diseases by Deep Learning Method based on Convolutional Neural Network

李湘渝(Li Xiang-Yu)

指導教授 ： 劉書助

國立屏東科技大學/管理學院/資訊管理系所/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202200458

摘要

農業的生產力與競爭力對於國家經濟發展的穩定性與持久性有著直接的關係，智慧農業指的是傳統農業結合影像辨識、物聯網、大數據分析等前瞻性技術，達到增產增量、精準用藥、災變預警等智能管理的一種方法。在蘋果的種植過程中，作物病蟲害是決定蘋果產量和質量的重要因素，錯誤和延遲的診斷可能導致過度或不充分地使用化學品，從而增加生產成本、環境負擔及身體健康的憂慮，因此，作物疾病管理的適當和及時部署是至關重要的。在本文中，我們利用 ResNet-50、DenseNet-201、MobileNet、EfficientNet-B0 四種卷積神經網路 (Convolution Neural Network, CNN) 方法，用以辨識和分類蘋果葉片病害，並將其病害分為健康、蘋果黑星病、銹病和多種疾病四種不同類型，最後再比較這四種深度學習方法，使用的數據集是國外公開競賽平台 Kaggle 用於區分蘋果葉面疾病的圖像，本研究使用經過篩選過後的 2,688 張實時圖像，對蘋果葉面疾病進行辨識與分類，根據實驗結果顯示 EfficientNet-B0 相較於其他三種模型，它對於辨別與分類蘋果葉片病害的表現最為優秀，能夠準確的識別受感染的作物葉面，並對其疾病類型進行分類，此方法在診斷健康、蘋果黑星病、銹病和多種疾病這四種不同類型疾病所獲得的 F1-Score 分別為 99.66%、99.20%、99.53%、90.82%；在準確率方面，ResNet-50、DenseNet-201、MobileNet、EfficientNet-B0 四種模型所獲得的分數為 98.83%、98.61%、94.49%、99.15%。本研究期望透過提供有關受感染的作物信息來提醒及幫助農民提前預防及阻止病害之蔓延，並有效提升蘋果的生產力，與提高蘋果的質量，和降低勞動力成本。

關鍵字

深度學習 ； ResNet-50 ； 卷積神經網路 ； DenseNet-201 ； 蘋果病害辨識與分類 ； MobileNet ； 智慧農業 ； EfficientNet-B0

並列摘要

The productivity and competitiveness of agriculture are directly related to the stability and durability of a country's economic development. Smart agriculture refers to the combination of traditional agriculture with forward-looking technologies such as image recognition, Internet of Things, and big data analysis to achieve intelligent management such as increased production, precision medicine, and disaster warning. In the process of apple planting, crop diseases and insect pests are important factors that determine the yield and quality of apples. if incorrect and delayed diagnosis happens, it may lead to excessive or insufficient use of chemicals. Further, it might increase production costs, environmental burdens as well as health concerns. Thus, accurate crop disease management and preventive measures are critical. Four Convolution Neural Network (CNN) methods (ResNet-50, DenseNet-201, MobileNet, EfficientNet-B0) were designed to identify and classify apple leaf diseases. The diseases can be divided into four different types: health, apple scab, rust and multiple diseases. The aims are to evaluate the four deep learning methods. The images source of the data set is provided by Kaggle, a foreign open competition platform. This study uses 2,688 screened real-time images to identify and classify apple leaf diseases. The results show that EfficientNet-B0 has the best performance in identifying and classifying apple leaf diseases compared with the other three models. The F1-Scores for EfficientNet-B0 are 99.66%, 99.20%, 99.53% and 90.82% in diagnosing four different types of diseases: health, apple scab, rust, and multiple diseases. In terms of accuracy, the scores obtained by the four models of ResNet-50, DenseNet-201, MobileNet, and EfficientNet-B0 are 98.83%, 98.61%, 94.49%, and 99.15%. This study provides the information about infected crops to prevent the spread of the disease, improve the productivity of apples, and reduce labor costs.

並列關鍵字

Deep Learning ； ResNet-50 ； Convolutional Neural Network ； DenseNet-201 ； Apple Disease Identification and Classification ； MobileNet ； Smart Agriculture ； EfficientNet-B0

參考文獻

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