浸水營野生動物重要棲息環境苔蘚植物相及其生育地類型調查

本研究於浸水營野生動物重要棲息環境中進行苔蘚植物相的調查，並依據不同之生育環境設立4條穿越線，在採集同時記錄現場的環境狀態。從而瞭解環境因素對此區苔蘚植物多樣性與其分布之影響。共計採集苔蘚植物標本343份，並鑑定苔蘚植物43科72屬106種，約佔全臺灣總種數之6%，其中苔類植物有24科45屬62種；地錢類植物有19科27屬44種。上述106種苔蘚植物的生育地類型以樹幹生佔比最高，計有60種(45.1%)，其次為倒腐木生24種(18%)，再次為地面腐植質生16種(12%)，石礫生12種(9%)、土生11種(8.3%)、石面薄土生10種(7.5%)最少，反映出本區因環境空氣潮濕而使著生樹幹之物種得以生存，而地生種類則可能因受林冠遮蔽及地被植物覆蓋限制而種數較少。此外針對不同穿越線的環境進行比較，發現海拔較低處其相對濕度較低，溫度較高，苔蘚植物數量較少；海拔較高處則相反，其中又以浸水營古道入口至姑子崙山的物種最為豐富，且多為樹幹附生之物種。本區的調查結果與臺灣之其他地區種類之相似性低，其原因可能因研究區域環境潮濕，再加上次生林環境多樣的生境、基質、地理環境等因素，使各類型苔蘚物種能夠於此蓬勃發展。

關鍵字

苔蘚植物；浸水營野生動物重要棲息環境；多樣性

並列摘要

In this study, we surveyed the flora of bryophyte in the Jin-shuei-ying Major Wildlife Habitat, and four transects were set up according with different growth environments. We investigated the species of bryophytes and recorded the environmental status of the site while collecting. The study aims to find out how environmental factors affect the diversity and distribution of bryophytes in this area. As a result, 343 bryophyte specimens were collected, and 106 species of bryophytes in 43 families and 72 genera were identified, accounting for about 6% of the total species in Taiwan. There are 24 families, 45 genera and 62 species of mosses; 19 families, 27 genera and 44 species of liverworts. Among these species of bryophytes, substrate on tree trunks accounted for the highest proportion of 60 species (45.1%), followed by 24 species (18%) substrate on rotten trees, and 16 species substrate on humus soil (12% ), 12 species substrate on gravel (9%), 11 species substrate on soil (8.3%), and ten species substrate on rock-top (7.5%) are the least, reflecting that the species substrate on tree trunks can survive due to the wet air in the environment, while those substrates on the ground were restricted by the canopy and ground cover plant coverage, which unable to produce numerously. In addition, comparing the environments of different transects, we found that the relative humidity is lower and the temperature is higher at low altitudes, so the number of bryophytes is scarce. The species in mountain Guzilun are the most abundant, most of which are epiphytic species. Compared with other regions, the survey results of this area have a lower overall similarity coefficient; In conclusion, the bryophytes species flourish in this area because of the humid environment and the various habitats below the secondary forest.