房地合一租稅制度實施對不動產市場之影響-以桃園市為例

臺灣房地產租稅制度的問題包括稅率低、課稅所得與實際市場上之交易價格差異大、持有期間一年以內的土地買賣所得大部分無須課稅、房地產持有成本低等，種種問題導致資金在房地產市場到處流竄，房地產投資成為賺錢的新方法，此種情形在人口密集的都會區更顯嚴重，也造成房地產交易價格飆漲。房地產交易價格若持續上漲，房價所得比將隨之持續上升，民眾購屋居住將更不易，青年成家也將成難以達成之夢想，青年家庭居住無法解決，將造成住宅安全、年青人生育率下降與人才外流等問題發生，這些皆會超出經濟問題範疇，最終影響的還是臺灣整體經濟發展。為了解決臺灣房地產租稅制度上之缺失，2015年6月1日經過立法院三讀通過房地合一所得稅制部分之所得稅法修正案，並自2016年1月1日起正式實施，其修法意旨主要是遏止短期炒作房地產、健全房地產交易稅制，欲達捍衛居住權及社會公平之最終目標。桃園市為臺灣之國際重要航空城，其房地產交易之變動更為國人所關注，本研究主要動機即在探討房地合一新稅制施行對桃園市房地產市場之影響，運用特徵價格理論之迴歸模型對桃園市房地產交易資料作詳細分析，實證結果顯示房地合一租稅制度的實施對桃園市房地產交易不論短期或長期皆有抑制效果，惟長期抑制效果有減弱之情形，期望此研究結果能讓社會大眾及執政者瞭解房地合一所得稅制實施對房地產市場長與短期之影響，進而對「房地合一租稅制度」未來之修正提出意見與想法。

關鍵字

房地合一租稅制度；特徵價格理論；實價登錄

並列摘要

The problems of Taiwan's real estate tax system include low tax rates, large differences between taxable income and actual market transaction prices, most of the land sales income within one year of holding period is not taxable, and low real estate holding costs. Various problems have led to Funds to be flowing everywhere in the real estate market, and real estate investment has become a new way to make money. This situation is more serious in densely populated metropolitan areas, and it has also caused serious real estate transaction prices to soar. If real estate transaction prices continue to rise, the housing price-to-income ratio will continue to rise, and it will be more difficult for people to buy houses. It will also become an unattainable ideal for young people to build a family. Young families cannot solve the problem, which will result in housing security and youth. The declining fertility rate, brain drain and other problems occur, which will go beyond the scope of economic problems, and ultimately affect Taiwan's overall economic development. In order to solve the deficiencies in the real estate tax system in Taiwan, the Legislative Yuan passed the third reading of the Legislative Yuan on June 1, 2015, and passed the amendment to the income tax law of the real estate and land income tax system. It will be officially implemented on January 1, 2016. The amendment is intended the main purpose is to curb short-term real estate speculation, improve the tax system for real estate transactions, and achieve the ultimate goal of safeguarding housing rights and social justice. Taoyuan City is an important international aviation city in Taiwan. The changes in its real estate transactions have attracted more attention from people. The main motivation of this thesis is to explore the impact of the implementation of the new taxation system for house and land on the real estate market in Taoyuan City, using the return of Hedonic Price Theory to analyze the real estate transaction data in Taoyuan City in detail. The empirical results show that the implementation of the real estate and land tax system has an inhibitory effect on real estate transactions in Taoyuan City in the short and long term, but the long-term inhibitory effect is weakened. It is hoped that the results of this research enable the people and those in power to understand the long-term and short-term impact of House and Land Transactions Taxation System on the Real Estate Market and further influence the " House and Land Transactions Taxation System " suggestions and ideas for future amendments.