- 學位論文
臺灣與日本東京人孔蓋之視覺意象研究
Study on Visual Image Communication of the manhole cover between Taiwan and Tokyo
摘要
每天與我們共同生活的街道、公園、路標…等各項都市公共設施，不論大小相互組合成為都市風貌。近來由於都市美學受到重視，本研究將針對臺灣人普遍忽視的人孔蓋形式、色彩…等視覺要素構成，重新探索人孔蓋於都市設計中所扮演的角色。 本研究以質性研究方法從文獻分析及深度訪談，梳理東西方人孔蓋發展歷程，選擇因殖民關係於歷史上曾有過共同性的日本做為比較對象，且以東京為主，研究結果顯示： (一)無論東西方國家的人孔蓋均以實用為基礎，其後導入美學觀念，開始於表面圖像設計發展，近年來更藉人孔蓋圖像進行文創商品的研發，成為都市行銷的小尖兵。 (二)日本東京與臺灣人孔蓋圖像設計有著極大的差異性，前者元素多樣化，利用文字、工具符號、景觀、傳說、物產的特徵，發展一町一式樣，製作鑄鐵或彩色兩套色彩，視使用地點放置，成功地呈現鮮明的都市意象，成為行銷都市的利器。而臺灣則延用日治時期以事業體Logo與地名為主要元素，直至1981年才將北市污水人孔蓋更新為樹與魚的圖像設計，在少數學校及私人用地有較新穎設計，色彩則以鑄鐵原色為主。 (三)依據深度訪談結果發現，兩國在人孔蓋設計與管理流程有明顯差異，日本政策支持全國人孔蓋以地方特性為設計方向，圖像以競賽…等方式產生，只須町的決定便可施作，其管線管理採共同管溝，事權明確；臺灣雖有地方政府零星的創新比賽，但因經費問題而無法落實，且管理系統繁複，普遍不重視設計美感，甚至在各養護修繕工程中被粗暴地破壞，反成為街道景觀之亂源，他山之石可以攻錯，期待本研究結果能引起相關研究或設計者之關注，藉以提昇臺灣都市文化的內涵。
並列摘要
The urban communal facilities are living with us everyday, such as streets, parks, road signs. No matter the size of facility, they all can combine to each other. And then, the urban style is formed. As there are more and more attention on the aesthetic theory of Taiwan cities recently, this research special focuses to the manhole cover which is always ignored by Taiwanese. From the composition of vision factors of its appearance, style and color…etc, the research is going to explore the role acted by manhole cover in the urban design again. In this study, literature analysis and in-depth interviews were used as research methods to analyze the developing process of the manhole covers in the Eastern and Western Societies. Because of the historical relations in the colonial time, Japan was selected as the comparison of Taiwan. The study was conducted in Tokyo, and the results have shown: (一) Both Eastern and Western countries have put practical use as the foundamental basis of manhole covers, later introducing aesthetic concepts by adding designs on the covers. In recent years, both countries have further developed and created products in the manhole cover images to help market the cities. (二) There are significant differences between the Tokyo-designed and Taiwan-designed manhole covers, the former is more diversified in many elements, such as the use of text, tool symbol, landscape, legend, property characteristics, the development of one-town one-style, and either cast iron or in colors, depending on the location. Tokyo has successfully evoked a distinctive urban city image, which became a successful tool for marketing the city. Taiwan, however, has continued to use the Logo and names inherited during the Japanese-occupied period as its main elements. It was not until the 1981 the sewage manhole covers in the Taipei City have been changed to new designs of trees and fish, and innovative designs in few schools and private properties, with cast iron being its primary color. (三) According to the results of the in-depth interviews, there are obvious differences in the manhole cover design management process between the two countries. The Japanese policy is to support the manhole designs to show the characteristics of the local towns. Images of the manholes are decided by local designers' competition, and final decision was rested on the town itself. Japan adopts a common trench for the pipeline management.An advice from others may help one's defects. This study wishes to attract attention to researchers or designers, by which the culture of cities in Taiwan can thus be enhanced.