行動應用軟體於輔助高齡慢性病患用藥遵從行為之介面設計研究

Design Study for A Mobile Application to Improve Medication Compliance of Elderly Patients with Chronic Disease

徐曼紋(Man-Wen Hsu)

指導教授 ： 游曉貞

國立臺中科技大學/設計學院/多媒體設計系碩士班/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6826/NUTC.2014.00092

摘要

本研究以高齡慢性病患居家照護的用藥議題作為出發點，思考以行動應用軟體（APP）協助高齡慢性病患用藥之可能性，並探索促進病患用藥遵從之APP介面設計之方向。研究方法則採脈絡設計法進行高齡者用藥之服務需求探索與契機挖掘。本研究目的有三：(1) 透過脈絡訪查探索影響高齡慢性病患用藥遵從的需求與潛在問題。(2) 利用遠端照護與應用軟體相互配合，提出促進病患用藥遵從之設計建議，並應用於本研究應用軟體原型之規劃與設計當中。(3) 進行應用軟體原型之功能及介面的可用性評估，了解應用軟體原型對於病患在用藥遵從行為的效用。

研究過程中，招募六位高齡慢性病患作為研究對象，進行脈絡訪查以深入了解目標族群的生活用藥脈絡，而後透過工作模型法(互動模型、序列模型、文化模型、工具器物模型)將資料做整理，再經由詮釋會議將脈絡訪查所得之資料進行解析與解決方法的發想與設計，會議結果發現本次受訪者因為慣於依賴自身記憶以及自我認知做為用藥行為的判斷依據，而導致忘記用藥與自行停藥的情形，因此本研究以「透過家人提醒」的設計進行應用軟體的設計。最後，以軟體原型的介面模擬進行使用性測試，來了解研究對象對本研究所開發之用藥輔助應用軟體的介面使用情形。

經使用性測試結果發現，本研究結果發現透過家人提醒的設計，能夠讓高齡慢性病患感到被愛與被關心，並且還會增加其使用意願，而高齡慢性病患也認為透過這樣的方式能夠促進他們的用藥遵從行為，而介面設計上由於本研究中沒有著重於基本設計原則的探討，導致最後使用性測試結果受到影響，因此未來再從事相關研究實則建議應同時加入介面基本原則於研究當中。

關鍵字

高齡者 ； 慢性病 ； 用藥遵從 ； 行動裝置 ； 介面設計

並列摘要

In this thesis, a mobile application that aims at improving medication adherence for aging population is presented. This study consists of three phases: (1) exploring demands of elderly users for medication adherence by contextual design approaches; (2) proposing design concept and architecture for the tele-care application; (3) implementing and evaluating the usability of the application.

Contextual design approaches were adapted to explore needs of the elderly and turn these needs into a creative design project. Six elderly participants with chronic diseases were recruited as our subjects for contextual inquiry to deeply understanding their context of medication. Then, four work models (flow model, sequence model, cultural model, and artifact model) were built to further reveal meanings of the collected data from different contextual perspectives. The study found that subjects tend to rely on memory alone to take medications as prescribed or discontinue the medication themselves without informing health professionals, which put them at risk for medication non-adherence; hence we proposed a mobile application aiming at improving medication adherence by providing family members with medication intake tracking and monitoring functions. Finally, a prototype of application is developed for aging population and evaluated by usability test and the in-depth interview.

The results were as follows:
1. Supporting the intake tracking and monitoring by family members could make elderly participants feel beloved and happy.
2. Supporting the intake tracking and monitoring by family members could increase elderly participants’ willingness to use the application.
3. In the evaluation phase, a number of usability barriers in the prototype significantly affect the efficiency of the proposed application design. For future studies on elderly medication adherence solution, it is suggested that design researchers should pay more attentions on usability issues in the testing tools and prototypes to achieve a better understanding in this topic.

並列關鍵字

older adults ； chronic diseases ； medication compliance ； mobile device ； interface design

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